<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330</id><updated>2011-09-19T10:48:43.181-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Biệt Kích Sở Bắc Nha Kỹ Thuật</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>11</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-1833582536808144705</id><published>2011-06-06T12:00:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2011-06-06T12:00:27.850-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Anh Linh Tữ Si  So Bac Nha Ky Thuat</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s1600-h/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182298505311209074" src="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s400/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg" style="cursor: hand; 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display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-1833582536808144705?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/1833582536808144705/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=1833582536808144705' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/1833582536808144705'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/1833582536808144705'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2011/06/anh-linh-tu-si-so-bac-nha-ky-thuat.html' title='Anh Linh Tữ Si  So Bac Nha Ky Thuat'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s72-c/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-1289779402313820322</id><published>2010-12-22T08:51:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2010-12-22T08:52:04.470-08:00</updated><title type='text'>HONORING SOUTH VIETNAMESE ARMY COMMANDOS</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-size: 14pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TMii8PpQxZI/AAAAAAAAQI4/KQ1_KqvPxG8/s1600/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TMii8PpQxZI/AAAAAAAAQI4/KQ1_KqvPxG8/s320/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg" width="212" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;(House of  Representatives - May 21, 1998)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;[Page:  H3733]&amp;nbsp; GPO's PDF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;(Ms. SANCHEZ  asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise  and extend her remarks.)&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Ms. SANCHEZ. Mr.  Speaker, 2 weeks ago the &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_23" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136);"&gt;House Committee&lt;/span&gt;  on National Security unanimously approved my amendment to honor and recognize  the former South Vietnamese army commandos who were employees of the &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_24" style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent; border-bottom: medium none;"&gt;United  States Government&lt;/span&gt; during the &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_25" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136);"&gt;Vietnam  War&lt;/span&gt;.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Today, the  Members of this House had the opportunity to properly honor those brave men by  supporting the &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_26" style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent; border-bottom: medium none;"&gt;Department  of Defense authorization bill&lt;/span&gt; for fiscal year 1999.&amp;nbsp;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Last year, the  President signed into law legislation that I advocated to ensure that the United  States Government honor a 30-year-old bad debt and pay these men who worked for  the United States Government the wages they earned but were denied during the  Vietnam War.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;These individuals  were trained by &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_27" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136);"&gt;the Pentagon&lt;/span&gt; to  infiltrate and destabilize &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_28"&gt;communist  North Vietnam&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Many of these  commandos were captured and tortured while in prison for 15 to 20 years, and  many never made it out. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Declassified DOD  documents showed that U.S. officials wrote off the commandos as dead even though  they knew from various sources that many were alive in Vietnamese prisons.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;The documents  also show that U.S. officials lied to the soldiers' wives, paid them tiny `Death  Gratuities' and washed their hands of the matter. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;For example, Mr.  Ha Van Son was listed as dead by our Government in 1967, although he was known  to be in a communist prison in North Vietnam. Today he is very much alive and  well and living in Chamblee, GA. In my hand I hold the United States  Government's official declaration of his death. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Because it was a  secret covert operation, the U.S. Government thought they could easily ignore  the commandos, their families, friends, and their previous contacts without  anyone noticing. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;As the Senior  Senator from &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_29"&gt;Pennsylvania&lt;/span&gt; said  in a recent hearing, `This is a genuinely incredible story of callous, inhumane,  and really barbaric treatment by the United States.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;In the 104th  Congress, this House approved legislation that required the &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_30" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136);"&gt;Department of  Defense&lt;/span&gt; to pay reparations to the commandos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;This bill would  have provided $20 million to the commandos and their survivors, an average grant  of about $40,000 per commando. It called them to be paid $2,000 a year for every  year they were in prison, less than the wages they were due. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_31"&gt;President Clinton&lt;/span&gt; signed this  legislation into law (Public Law 104-201).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;However, in April  of 1997, the Department of Defense said that the statute was legislatively  flawed and the Secretary could not legally make payments. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;I then contacted  Secretary Cohen requesting the administration's help to correct this error.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;The  administration responded by supporting inclusion of the funding in the &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_32"&gt;Supplemental Appropriations Bill&lt;/span&gt; for  fiscal year 1997 (&lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_33" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136);"&gt;Public Law&lt;/span&gt;  105-18) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Last year, I met  at a public forum with 40 commandos from my district. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;One individual  shared with me his story of how he parachuted into enemy territory, was  captured, convicted of treason, beaten, thrown into solitary confinement for 11  months, then moved among hard--labor camps for the next seven years.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;His story is not  unlike countless others. I request unanimous consent to insert into the record  one story of this abuse headlined `Uncommon Betrayal' as reported by an Atlantia  newspaper recently. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Today, however, I  am pleased to provide this Body with this update.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;To date, the  Commando Compensation Board has been established at the Pentagon; 266 claims  have been processed; 142 Commandos have been paid. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;All this was made  possible because of the commitment of this House. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;After years of  torture by the North Vietnamese, the callousness of being declared dead by the  United States Government, and years of anguish over not receiving their rightful  compensation--these brave men now deserve recognition. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;The South  Vietnamese Lost Army Commandos are finally a step closer to having the United  States Government honor their contracts for their years of service to the &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_34" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136);"&gt;United States  Army&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;I am proud that  the members of the House had an opportunity to properly honor these brave men  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;We can not bring  those who perished back, but we can give these individuals the dignity and  respect that's been so long overdue. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Who supports this  resolution? &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;The &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_35"&gt;State of California&lt;/span&gt; American Legion  strongly endorses this amendment and I would like to submit the letter from the  Department Commander Frank Larson into the Record. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;In Commander  Larson's letter dated May 1, 1998, he states, `Ms. Sanchez: I'm sure if history  were unfolded for all to see it would show that the South Vietnamese commandos,  who aided the United States Government in covert actions against the North  Vietnamese, were responsible for saving many American lives.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;It goes on to  say: `To that end, the same recognition due our soldiers, sailors, marines and  airman involved in the Vietnamese Conflict should be afforded to the former  South Vietnamese commandos, who so gallantly served and endured.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;It is also  supported by: The Air Commando Organization; The &lt;span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1288198724_36" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136);"&gt;Special Forces&lt;/span&gt;  Organization. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;American veterans  who fought side by side with the Commandos, come to their defense in letters of  support.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;I would like to  share with you what our soldiers have to say about the commandos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;This letter comes  from a special forces NCO: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;`Dear Sir: I had  the opportunity to work with these men in which they not only risked their  lives, but continually put themselves in harms way. * * * We are aware of  terrible trials and conditions these men endured for so long and we would like  to help * * *' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;I would also like  to take this opportunity to mention that last year, during POW/MIA recognition  day, I had the opportunity to meet with several members of my veteran community.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;I had the  opportunity to speak with former POWs and family members whose loved ones were  taken as prisoners or declared missing in action. Several of the veterans  mentioned their support for the Commandos and urged that the Government honor  its word.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Today, we gave  these commandos what they really wanted, the distinction of honoring their  service in the Vietnam War. And on behalf of the 40 commandos residing in the  46th Congressional District of California, I would like to thank the Members of  this body for their commitment to honor and to recognize the former South  Vietnamese army commandos.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #660000; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Mr. Speaker, I  submit for the Record a series of documents relating to these former South  Vietnamese commandos.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;script language="JavaScript" src="http://pub16.bravenet.com/counter/code.php?id=405502&amp;amp;usernum=1340045908&amp;amp;cpv=2" type="text/javascript"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-1289779402313820322?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/1289779402313820322/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=1289779402313820322' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/1289779402313820322'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/1289779402313820322'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2010/12/house-of-representatives-may-21-1998.html' title='HONORING SOUTH VIETNAMESE ARMY COMMANDOS'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TMii8PpQxZI/AAAAAAAAQI4/KQ1_KqvPxG8/s72-c/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-3302947531547514490</id><published>2010-10-28T12:32:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-10-29T14:58:24.536-07:00</updated><title type='text'>(H.R. 3668 S. 1745, S. 1894, Public Law 104-201 Sec. 657 (Quốc Hội Khóa 104)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Times New Roman,Times,serif; font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Times New Roman,Times,serif; font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TMnQIc_TA8I/AAAAAAAAQJM/fD4z3T4TE5E/s1600/NhayToan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="293" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TMnQIc_TA8I/AAAAAAAAQJM/fD4z3T4TE5E/s400/NhayToan.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; font-family: Times New Roman,Times,serif; font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;S.AMDT.4451&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Amends: S.1894&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Sponsor: Sen Kerry, John F. [MA] (submitted 7/11/1996) (proposed 7/17/1996)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;AMENDMENT PURPOSE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;To set aside $20,000,000 for payment to certain Vietnamese commandos captured and interned by North Vietnam. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;TEXT OF AMENDMENT AS SUBMITTED: CR S7784&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;STATUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;7/17/1996:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Proposed by Senator Inouye for Senator Kerry. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;7/17/1996:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Amendment SP 4451 agreed to in Senate by Voice Vote. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;COSPONSORS(1):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Sen McCain, John [AZ] - 7/11/1996&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;KERRY (AND MCCAIN) AMENDMENT NO. 4451 (Senate - July 11, 1996)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;[Page: S7784](Ordered to lie on the table.) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Mr.  KERRY (for himself and Mr. McCain) submitted an amendment intended to  be proposed by them to the bill, S. 1894, supra; as follows: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;On page 88, between lines 7 and 8, insert the following: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Sec.  8099. Of the total amount appropriated under title II, $20,000,000  shall be available subject to authorization, until expended, for  payments to Vietnamese commandos captured and incarcerated by North  Vietnam after having entered the Democratic Republic of Vietnam pursuant  to operations under a Vietnam era operation plan known as `OPLAN 34A',  or its predecessor, and to Vietnamese operatives captured and  incarcerated by North Vietnamese forces while participating in  operations in Laos or along the Lao-Vietnamese border pursuant to `OPLAN  35', who died in captivity or who remained in captivity after 1973, and  who have not received payment from the United States for the period  spent in captivity.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;CUỘC ĐẤU TRANH CỦA VIETNAMESE COMMANDOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Ngày  27 - 1 - 1973, khi ký kết Hiệp Ðịnh Paris về Việt Nam, những nhà lãnh  đạo của Hoa Kỳ và Việt Nam Cộng Hòa không phải không biết đến những  người Biệt Kích Cảm Tử Việt Nam còn đang nằm lại trong những trại tù  hiểm độc của Bắc Việt. Những bằng chứng Lịch Sử trong giai đoạn đó ngày  nay được giải mật đã chứng minh rõ sự cố tình bỏ rơi hay nói đúng hơn là  thủ tiêu toàn bộ một lực lượng tinh nhuệ được đào tạo để diệt Cộng ngay  trong lòng Cộng Sản. Hành động sát nhân của những kẻ cầm quyền của tất  cả các phe trong giai đoạn đó đã đã làm lộ rõ bản chất của bọn cầm quyền  ở bất cứ chế độ nào cũng đểu cáng như nhau và những chữ Tự Do, Dân  Chủ,Nhân Quyền, Công Bằng và Bác Ái thật ra chỉ là những chiêu bài hoa  mỹ để che đậy những mưu đồ dơ bẩn. Muốn có một xã hội thật sự Công Bằng,  Bác Ái chỉ có một cách là Con Người phải vùng lên đấu tranh thật cương  quyết, có mưu lược và táo bạo không để bọn cầm quyền lấn át nền Dân Chủ,  chà đạp Nhân Quyền đẩy họ vào thế buộc phải giải quyết thỏa đáng những  vấn đề của Sự Thật, của Lịch Sử.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Với  chủ trrương này, những người biệt kích sau khi ra khỏi nhà tù đặt chân  đến Hoa Kỳ đều tập hợp để đòi lại món nợ cũ. Ngày 21 tháng tư năm 1995,  Vietnamese Commandos chính thức đệ đơn kiện chính phủ Hoa Kỳ, đồng thời  tạo áp lực bằng việc các thành viên kh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif';"&gt;ắp &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;nơi  thay phiên nhau xuất hiện trên truyền hình, báo chí Hoa Kỳ. Sau mấy lần  ra tòa vị chánh án cho chuyển qua Quốc Hội để làm ra luật mới nh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif';"&gt;ằm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt; giải quyết món nợ không bao giờ trả được của chính phủ Hoa Kỳ. Vụ kiện “class action” của 281 Vietnamese Commands vẫn duy trì s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif';"&gt;ự&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt; tranh tụng cho đến khi thắng lợi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;trích &lt;i&gt;AUGUST 1997 THE ARMY LAWYER • DA-PAM 27-50-297 15:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 14pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;“Recent Lost Commandos Litigation and Legislation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;On  24 April 1995, Au Dong Quy and 280 others filed suit in the United  States Court of Federal Claims alleging that each plaintiff was an OPLAN  34A commando, or represented the estate of an OPLAN 34A commando, and  had a contract with the United States during the Vietnam War providing  for monthly wages and other benefits. They also alleged that their  contract promised, upon capture, continued payment of the monthly wage. &lt;span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% yellow;"&gt;The  government filed a motion to dismiss in February 1996, asserting among  other things: lack of privity, lack of jurisdiction under Totten, and  expiration of the statute of limitations&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;i&gt;The case  generated significant national media attention, culminating in a segment  on the television news program 60 Minutes. Congressional interest in  the Lost Commandos’ story was also increasing, and on 19 June 1996, the  Senate Select Committee on Intelligence met to hear testimony on the  issue. &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% yellow; font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;As  a result, the Court of Federal Claims stayed the litigation, pending  possible resolution of the Commandos’ issues by legislative means.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt; &lt;b&gt;(Kết quả là, Tòa án Liên bang tuyên bố duy trì s&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'sans-serif';"&gt;ự&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt; vụ kiện tụng, chờ giải quyết các vấn đề của Commandos bằng phương tiện lập pháp)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% yellow; font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% yellow; font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Subsequently,  Congress passed into law a provision for compensation of all persons  who were captured or incarcerated by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam  as a result of the participation by that person in operations conducted  under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;As  a result, the Court of Federal Claims stayed the litigation, pending  possible resolution of the Commandos’ issues by legislative means. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 14pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;The Need to Contract for Secret Services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;In  recent history, the United States has conducted numerous unconventional  warfare operations, many of which were similar to OPLAN 34A. For  example, in his testimony before the Senate Select Committee on  Intelligence, Major General (Retired) John K. Singlaub stated that the  United States conducted such unconventional warfare operations during  the Korean War. He stated that there were probably hundreds of Koreans  who were in a situation similar to the OPLAN 34A Commandos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;The  United States Supreme Court has recognized the importance of secrecy in  intelligence gathering.In CIA v. Sims, for example, the CIA entered  into research contracts, often through intermediaries, with numerous  universities, research foundations, and similar institutions. Some of  the agreements contained an explicit promise of confidentiality so that  the identities of the researchers would not be disclosed.The Court  commented on the importance of agreements for secrecy, stating “[t]he  Government has a compelling interest in protecting both the secrecy of  information important to our national security and the appearance of  confidentiality so essential to the effective operation of our foreign  intelligence service.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;59. Id.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;60.  Id. at 1065-66 (citing Snepp v. United States, 444 U.S. 507 (1980) (per  curiam); New York Times Co. v. United States, 403 U.S. 713 (1971)).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;61. Complaint ¶¶ 1-2, Au Duong Quy, et al./ Lost Army Commandos v. United States, No. 95-309C (Fed. Cl. filed Apr. 24, 1995).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;62. Id. at ¶ 7.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% yellow; font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;63.  Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss, Au Duong Quy, et al./ Lost Army  Commandos v. United States, No. 95-309C (Fed. Cl. Feb. 2, 1996).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;64. 60 Minutes: Lost Commandos (CBS television broadcast, May 5, 1996).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;65.  Vietnamese Commandos: Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on  Intelligence, 104th Cong., 2d Sess. (1996). Subsequent to the hearings,  Section 649 (subsequently&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;re-numbered  657) of the DOD Authorization Act was introduced before the Senate. See  Comments Before the Senate Concerning Amendment 4055 to the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;National  Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997, Pub. L. No. 104-201,  reprinted in 142 CONG. REC. S6439-41 (daily ed. June 19, 1996).  Unfortunately, some&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;senators  sponsoring the bill disregarded Major General Singlaub’s testimony and  incorrectly reached the conclusion that “the United States apparently  contracted with&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;South  Vietnamese nationals to conduct covert military operations in North  Vietnam.” Statement of Senator John S. McCain, id. at S6440.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% yellow; font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;66.  Order, Au Duong Quy, et al./ Lost Army Commandos v. United States, No.  95-309C (Fed. Cl. July 2, 1996) (order staying litigation).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;67. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997, Pub. L. No. 104-201, § 657(a)(1), 110 Stat. 2422, 2584 (1996).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;68.  See, e.g., U.S. DEP’T OF ARMY, FIELD MANUAL 100-25, DOCTRINE FOR ARMY  SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCES 2-5 through 2-6, 3-4 through 3-6, 3-8 through  3-9 (12 Dec.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;1991) [hereinafter FM 100-25].&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;69. Singlaub Statement, supra note 35, at 61.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;70. Id.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;71.  See CIA v. Sims, 471 U.S. 159 (1985), (discussed infra); Baldridge v.  Shapiro, 455 U.S. 345, 361 (1982); Haig v. Agee, 453 U.S. 280, 307  (1981).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;72. 471 U.S. at 161.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(H.R. 3668 S. 1745, S. 1894, Public Law 104-201 Sec. 657 (Quốc Hội Khóa 104)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;104th CONGRESS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;2d Session&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;H. R. 3668&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;To  require the Secretary of Defense to provide back pay to the Vietnamese  commandos who were employed by the United States during the Vietnam  conflict to conduct covert operations in North Vietnam so as to  compensate the commandos for the years in which they were imprisoned and  persecuted in Vietnam. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;June 18, 1996&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Mr. DORNAN introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on National Security&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;A BILL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;To  require the Secretary of Defense to provide back pay to the Vietnamese  commandos who were employed by the United States during the Vietnam  conflict to conduct covert operations in North Vietnam so as to  compensate the commandos for the years in which they were imprisoned and  persecuted in Vietnam. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;SECTION 1. PROVISION OF BACK PAY TO VIETNAMESE COMMANDOS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(a)  DEFINITION- In this section, the term `Vietnamese commando' means a  Vietnamese national who was employed by the United States during the  Vietnam conflict to conduct covert operations to infiltrate North  Vietnam and who was captured and imprisoned by the North Vietnamese  during the course of such operations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(b)  PAYMENT OF BACK PAY- From funds available to the Secretary of Defense,  the Secretary shall pay to each Vietnamese commando living in the United  States who submits a timely claim under subsection (c) an amount of  back pay equal to the product of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(1) $2,000, which corresponds to the annual salary accepted by Vietnamese commandos during the Vietnam conflict; and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(2)  The number of years in which the Vietnamese commando was imprisoned by  the North Vietnamese and the number of years after such imprisonment in  which the Vietnamese commando was subject to persecution in Vietnam as a  result of service as a Vietnamese commando, as determined by the  Secretary.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(c)  SUBMISSION OF CLAIMS- To receive back pay under this section, a  Vietnamese commando shall submit an application to the Secretary, in  such form and containing such information as the Secretary considers  appropriate, before the end of the two-year period beginning on the date  on which the Vietnamese commando receives notice under subsection (d)  of the availability of compensation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(d)  NOTIFICATION OF VIETNAMESE COMMANDOS- As soon as possible after the  date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall endeavor to  notify each Vietnamese commando living in the United States on that date  of the availability of back pay under this section. The Secretary shall  provide notice to other Vietnamese commandos as soon as possible after  they resettle in the United States.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(e)  EFFECT OF PAYMENT- The payment of back pay to a Vietnamese commando  under this section shall be in full satisfaction of any claim of the  Vietnamese commando against the United States arising out of the service  of the person as a Vietnamese commando.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Phần của bà Loretta Sanchez :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Bà Loretta Sanchez đã làm những việc đầu tiên đúng như bà ta nói thể hiện cụ thể theo các văn kiện sau đây:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;LET US BRING JUSTICE TO THE COMMANDOS &amp;nbsp;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(House of Representatives - April 16, 1997)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[Page: H1548]&amp;nbsp; GPO's PDF(Ms. SANCHEZ asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend her remarks.) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Ms.  SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to call attention to an injustice  suffered by over 300 men of the Vietnam war, an injustice that spans  three decades. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;During  the war, the United States Government trained a number of South  Vietnamese commandos to infiltrate North Vietnam Communist operations.  Many of these commandos were captured and brutally tortured during their  years of imprisonment and sustained long-term injuries. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;There  are about 300 commandos currently living throughout the United States.  It is now time for our Nation to recognize their heroic war efforts and  compensate the few surviving commandos and their families. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  Pentagon has failed to carry out the unanimous will of the 104th  Congress to pay these brave men an average of $40,000 each for their  time in captivity. In fact, while the Pentagon has delayed, three of the  commandos have perished. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  House Committee on Appropriations has the opportunity to fully  recognize their service on behalf of the United States as they consider  the supplemental appropriations bill this week. It is the least we can  do to recognize their enormous sacrifice. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Let us not turn our backs on the commandos . &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;SUPPORT THE COMMANDO FUNDING (2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(House of Representatives - June 04, 1997)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[Page:  H3279](Ms. SANCHEZ asked and was given permission to address the House  for 1 minute and to revise and extend her remarks.) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Ms.  SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to illustrate the grave implications  which resulted from the untimely failure of Congress to approve the  supplemental appropriations bill. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Included  in the supplemental is $20 million in payments to former South  Vietnamese commandos who were trained by and worked for the U.S.  Government during the Vietnam war. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Pentagon  failed to carry out the will of the 104th Congress to compensate these  brave men for their service to this Nation, especially for their time in  captivity.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Tragically,  the Pentagon delayed and four commandos perished in the last year. Now,  while this body recessed and failed to pass the supplemental  appropriations bill, a fifth commando has also perished. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Duong  Lang Sang was captured in 1966 by the North Vietnamese Government while  working for the United States. After 16 years in hard labor as a  prisoner of war he was finally released in 1982. After his release he  suffered many illnesses arising from his torture. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Two  weeks ago, Mr. Sang passed away in Chicago as a result of those  injuries. He has left behind a widow and two school-aged children.  Please join me in asserting that we pass the supplemental appropriations  bill so that these soldiers would not have died in vain. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;END&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;WE MUST CARE FOR THE COMMANDOS &amp;nbsp;(3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(House of Representatives - September 10, 1997)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[Page: H7122]&amp;nbsp; GPO's PDF(Ms. SANCHEZ asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend her remarks.) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Ms.  SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, in June of this year, Congress approved  legislation to finally pay a 30-year debt. The South Vietnamese Lost  Army Commandos will finally have their United States Government  contracts honored by the Pentagon for their years of service to the  United States Army. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;But  accepting their long overdue pay would mean the loss of something even  more important for many of the commandos , their health care benefits.  The medical problems resulting from years in torture require long-term  health care, care they will not be able to receive if they accept their  compensation. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;After  years of torture by the North Vietnamese , the callousness of being  declared dead by the United States Government, and years of anguish over  not receiving their rightful compensation, these brave men are faced  with another obstacle in their 30-year struggle. I urge my colleagues to  support these men who fought and bled in Vietnam for the United States  cause. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;As  the House goes to conference on the Labor-HHS bill, I urge my  colleagues to accept the Senate position exempting the commandos'  compensation from Medicaid eligibility. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;105th CONGRESS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;1st Session&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;H. RES. 316&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Recognizing  and honoring former South Vietnamese commandos for their heroism,  sacrifice, and service during the Vietnam conflict.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (4)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;November 8, 1997&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Ms. SANCHEZ submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on International Relations &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;RESOLUTION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Recognizing  and honoring former South Vietnamese commandos for their heroism,  sacrifice, and service during the Vietnam conflict. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas  South Vietnamese commandos were recruited by the United States as part  of OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35 from 1961 to 1970; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas these commandos conducted covert operations in North Vietnam during the Vietnam conflict; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas many were captured and imprisoned by North Vietnamese forces, some for as long as 20 years; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas these commandos served and fought proudly during the Vietnam conflict; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas  many of these commandos lost their lives serving in operations  conducted by the United States during the Vietnam conflict: Now,  therefore, be it &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Resolved,  That the House of Representatives recognizes and honors these former  South Vietnamese commandos for their heroism, sacrifice, and service  during the Vietnam conflict.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;COMMANDOS FINALLY RECEIVING JUSTICE &amp;nbsp;(5)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(House of Representatives - April 23, 1998)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[Page: H2239]&amp;nbsp; GPO's PDF(Ms. SANCHEZ asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend her remarks.) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Ms.  SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, for the past year, I have been working to ensure  that the United States Government honor a 30-year-old debt to former  South Vietnamese Army commandos , who worked for the U.S. Government  during the Vietnam War. And these individuals were recruited by the  United States to cross enemy lines and fight the Communists on behalf of  the Americans. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Last  year, Congress unanimously approved legislation to finally pay the  30-year-old debt, and I am very happy to announce that the long wait for  recognition and compensation may be finally over for the commandos . &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;To  date, the Commando Compensation Board has processed 266 claims. One  hundred forty-two commando cases have been approved, and these  individuals are finally receiving their compensation. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;I  am pleased that the U.S. Government is finally honoring their contracts  for their years of service and for their bravery in service to the  United States. The least we must do is keep our word. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;I look forward to the day that all of these cases are closed and every single commando receives his justice.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;105th CONGRESS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;2d Session&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;H. CON. RES. 269&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Expressing  the sense of the Congress regarding the heroism, sacrifice, and service  of former South Vietnamese commandos in connection with United States  armed forces during the Vietnam conflict.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (6)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;April 30, 1998&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Ms. SANCHEZ submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on National Security &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;CONCURRENT RESOLUTION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Expressing  the sense of the Congress regarding the heroism, sacrifice, and service  of former South Vietnamese commandos in connection with United States  armed forces during the Vietnam conflict. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas  South Vietnamese commandos were recruited by the United States as part  of OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35 from 1961 to 1970; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas the commandos conducted covert operations in North Vietnam during the Vietnam conflict; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas many of the commandos were captured and imprisoned by North Vietnamese forces, some for as long as 20 years; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas the commandos served and fought proudly during the Vietnam conflict; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Whereas  many of the commandos lost their lives serving in operations conducted  by the United States during the Vietnam conflict: Now, therefore, be it &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Resolved  by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That the  Congress recognizes and honors the former South Vietnamese commandos for  their heroism, sacrifice, and service in connection with United States  armed forces during the Vietnam conflict.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;HONORING FORMER SOUTH VIETNAMESE ARMY COMMANDOS (7)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;(&lt;b&gt;House of Representatives - May 21, 1998)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[Page: H3733]&amp;nbsp; GPO's PDF(Ms. SANCHEZ asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend her remarks.) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Ms.  SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, 2 weeks ago the House Committee on National  Security unanimously approved my amendment to honor and recognize the  former South Vietnamese army commandos who were employees of the United  States Government during the Vietnam War. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Today,  the Members of this House had the opportunity to properly honor those  brave men by supporting the Department of Defense authorization bill for  fiscal year 1999. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Last  year, the President signed into law legislation that I advocated to  ensure that the United States Government honor a 30-year-old bad debt  and pay these men who worked for the United States Government the wages  they earned but were denied during the Vietnam War. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;These individuals were trained by the Pentagon to infiltrate and destabilize communist North Vietnam.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Many of these commandos were captured and tortured while in prison for 15 to 20 years, and many never made it out.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Declassified  DOD documents showed that U.S. officials wrote off the commandos as  dead even though they knew from various sources that many were alive in  Vietnamese prisons.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  documents also show that U.S. officials lied to the soldiers' wives,  paid them tiny `Death Gratuities' and washed their hands of the matter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;For  example, Mr. Ha Va Son was listed as dead by our Government in 1967,  although he was known to be in a communist prison in North Vietnam.  Today he is very much alive and well and living in Chamblee, GA. In my  hand I hold the United States Government's official declaration of his  death.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Because  it was a secret covert operation, the U.S. Government thought they  could easily ignore the commandos , their families, friends, and their  previous contacts without anyone noticing.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;As  the Senior Senator from Pennsylvania said in a recent hearing, `This is  a genuinely incredible story of callous, inhumane, and really barbaric  treatment by the United States.'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;In  the 104th Congress, this House approved legislation that required the  Department of Defense to pay reparations to the commandos .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;This  bill would have provided $20 million to the commandos and their  survivors, an average grant of about $40,000 per commando. It called  them to be paid $2,000 a year for every year they were in prison, less  than the wages they were due.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;President Clinton signed this legislation into law (Public Law 104-201).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;However,  in April of 1997, the Department of Defense said that the statute was  legislatively flawed and the Secretary could not legally make payments.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;I then contacted Secretary Cohen requesting the administration's help to correct this error.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  administration responded by supporting inclusion of the funding in the  Supplemental Appropriations Bill for fiscal year 1997 (Public Law  105-18)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Last year, I met at a public forum with 40 commandos from my district.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;One  individual shared with me his story of how he parachuted into enemy  territory, was captured, convicted of treason, beaten, thrown into  solitary confinement for 11 months, then moved among hard--labor camps  for the next seven years.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;His  story is not unlike countless others. I request unanimous consent to  insert into the record one story of this abuse headlined `Uncommon  Betrayal' as reported by an Atlantia newspaper recently.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Today, however, I am pleased to provide this Body with this update.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;To  date, the Commando Compensation Board has been established at the  Pentagon; 266 claims have been processed; 142 Commandos have been paid.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;All this was made possible because of the commitment of this House.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;After  years of torture by the North Vietnamese , the callousness of being  declared dead by the United States Government, and years of anguish over  not receiving their rightful compensation--these brave men now deserve  recognition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  South Vietnamese Lost Army Commandos are finally a step closer to  having the United States Government honor their contracts for their  years of service to the United States Army.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;I am proud that the members of the House had an opportunity to properly honor these brave men.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;We can not bring those who perished back, but we can give these individuals the dignity and respect that's been so long overdue.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Who supports this resolution?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  State of California American Legion strongly endorses this amendment  and I would like to submit the letter from the Department Commander  Frank Larson into the Record.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;In  Commander Larson's letter dated May 1, 1998, he states, `Ms. Sanchez:  I'm sure if history were unfolded for all to see it would show that the  South Vietnamese commandos , who aided the United States Government in  covert actions against the North Vietnamese , were responsible for  saving many American lives.'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;It  goes on to say: `To that end, the same recognition due our soldiers,  sailors, marines and airman involved in the Vietnamese Conflict should  be afforded to the former South Vietnamese commandos , who so gallantly  served and endured.'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;It is also supported by: The Air Commando Organization; The Special Forces Organization.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;American veterans who fought side by side with the Commandos , come to their defense in letters of support.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;I would like to share with you what our soldiers have to say about the commandos .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;This letter comes from a special forces NCO:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Dear  Sir: I had the opportunity to work with these men in which they not  only risked their lives, but continually put themselves in harms way. * *  * We are aware of terrible trials and conditions these men endured for  so long and we would like to help * * *'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;I  would also like to take this opportunity to mention that last year,  during POW/MIA recognition day, I had the opportunity to meet with  several members of my veteran community.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;I  had the opportunity to speak with former POWs and family members whose  loved ones were taken as prisoners or declared missing in action.  Several of the veterans mentioned their support for the Commandos and  urged that the Government honor its word.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Today,  we gave these commandos what they really wanted, the distinction of  honoring their service in the Vietnam War. And on behalf of the 40  commandos residing in the 46th Congressional District of California, I  would like to thank the Members of this body for their commitment to  honor and to recognize the former South Vietnamese army commandos . &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Mr. Speaker, I submit for the Record a series of documents relating to these former South Vietnamese commandos . &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[Page: H3734]&amp;nbsp; GPO's PDF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 26pt;"&gt;Uncommon Betrayal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;ABANDONED BY THE UNITED STATES, FORMER SOUTH VIETNAMESE COMMANDOS RISE FROM THE DEAD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;On  a moonlit night in May 1965, a large transport plane was flying low  through the skies of northwestern North Vietnam on its way toward the  town of Son La. Sitting nervously in the back of the plane was Team  Horse, a group of five South Vietnamese commandos who were part of a  covert CIA/Department of Defense (DOD) plan known as Operation Plan  34-Alpha (Oplan-34A). Team Horse was being parachuted in to reinforce  the eight members of Team Easy, who had been deployed there in August  1963. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;After  making a first pass by the drop zone to release crates of supplies and a  homing beacon, the plane circled around again and Team Horse parachuted  out the back. Soon after hitting the ground the commandos knew their  mission was a total bust. Soldiers from North Vietnam's Ministry of  Public Security were waiting for them with rifles in hand. Even worse,  Team Easy had been captured long ago, and the North Vietnamese had used  that team's radio equipment to lure in Team Horse &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  five commandos were tried and convicted of treason, and sent to prison.  Only one, team leader Quach Nhung, would survive incarceration. After  more than 20 years of hard labor in a Vietnamese prison, Nhung was  released and immigrated to the United States in 1994. He is one of about  30 former South Vietnamese commandos involved in Oplan-34A who now live  in the Atlanta metro area. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Recently  declassified documents have revealed Oplan-34A to be one of the most  tragic and disturbing aspects of the Vietnam War. `When you read those  documents, you want to cry,' says Sedgwick Tourison, who used many of  the papers to write Secret Army, Secret War--Washington's Tragic Spy  Operation in North Vietnam. `It's disgusting. We sold [those commandos ]  down the river and walked away, and we did it with such clean hands.  And as I put in the book, nobody thought this would ever surface.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Even  Sen. Arlen Specter (R-Pa.), chairman of the Senate Select Committee on  Intelligence, was shocked by the abuses. In a recent hearing on Capitol  Hill, Specter said, `This is a genuinely incredible story of callous,  inhumane, and really barbaric treatment by the United States.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;A DOOMED OPERATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;From  1961 through the end of the decade, approximately 500 commandos  separated into 52 small teams were sent into North Vietnam. Trained and  funded first by the CIA, the operation was taken over by the DOD in  1964. At first, the teams were designed to gather intelligence, but  their duties were later augmented to include psychological warfare and  sabotage. Nearly of the commandos were either killed or captured almost  immediately by the North Vietnamese , who had heavily infiltrated the  operation with moles on the South Vietnamese side. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  entire operation was a failure, and documents now show that the CIA and  the DOD knew that it was. Still, they continued to send commandos to  their almost certain doom. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The United States' betrayal of the South Vietnamese commandos did not end there. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Once  they had been captured, their families were notified not that they were  prisoners of war or missing in action, but that they were dead. `The  Defense Department compounded that tragedy by simply writing off the  lost commandos ,' Sen. John Kerry (D-Mass.) said during the recent  Senate hearing. `Drawing a line through their names as dead apparently  in order to avoid paying monthly salaries [to the families].' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Says  Tourison, who is the former Chief of Analysis in the Defense  Intelligence Agency's office of POW/MIA affairs. `It was money more than  anything else. The bottom line was that we did not want to pay them any  more. We were recruiting new guys and telling them that if anything  happens we'll take care of you, and we never had any intention of doing  that. And because of the moles the North Vietnamese had on the inside,  they knew what we had done. And once they found out, that sent a message  to Hanoi that we viewed the lives of those who serve for us as of no  consequence.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;But the betrayal of the South Vietnamese commandos still did not end there. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Even  though the United States knew many of them were in prison, nothing was  ever done to get them out. As Kerry, himself a Vietnam War veteran, said  at the hearing, `After sending these brave men, on what by anyone's  judgment were next to suicide missions, and after cutting off their pay,  we then committed the most egregious error of all: We made no effort to  obtain their release along with American POWs during the peace  negotiations in Paris [in 1973]. As a result, many of these brave men  who fought alongside us for the same cause spent years in prison, more  than 20 years in some cases.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  U.S. government is now trying to make up for its treatment of the  commandos . On June 19, the Senate unanimously passed a bill that will  pay the former commandos or their survivors $40,000 each, which  basically amounts to an average of $2,000 back pay per year for an  average of 20 years spent in prison. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Even  though the commandos need the money and say they are looking forward to  it, money cannot erase the past. `Forty thousand dollars is nothing,'  says Nhung. `No money can pay for my life.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;[Page: H3735]&amp;nbsp; GPO's PDF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;COMING TO AMERICA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Recently,  three of the former South Vietnamese Oplan-34A commandos now living in  the Atlanta area sit down to talk about their life during wartime and  what moving to America has meant for them. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  site is the living room of a cramped apartment in an ersatz Colonial  complex on a predominantly Asian stretch of Buford Highway just across  the street from the Little Saigon strip mall. A group of happy,  boisterous kids play on the landing. A strong odor of simmering soup  rolls in from the kitchen. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Sitting  around the table are Nhung, 52; Team Greco deputy commander Quash Rang,  58; and Team Pegasus leader Than Van Kinh, 67. Acting as interpreter is  Ha Van Son, who had been part of a similar operation, Oplan-35. Son was  imprisoned for 19 years and was also declared dead to his family by the  United States. Members of his operation are also being considered for  compensation in the Senate bill. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;The  men smoke almost constantly and emit a feeling of haggard  world--weariness. They are all dressed similarly, in Oxford shirts and  polyester slacks, and each has salt-and-pepper hair slicked down and  parted to the side. When asked why they joined on with Oplan-34A, the  answer comes quickly and not without some measure of incredulity. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;`Because  everybody wanted to fight against the communists,' says Son, speaking  for the group `Nobody fight with any other reason. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Tourison's  book is filled with wrenching stories of commandos being starved and  tortured while in prison, and the experiences of these men were equally  brutal. `All of us were treated very, very badly,' says Son. `All of us  were shackled and put in a small cell for a long time. After that they  take us to a big room where we concentrate with everybody. But they give  us only a little of rice a day. Sometime no rice, but yellow corn. But  the corn that's used for animals, not for man.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Even  today, many of the commandos still suffer physically from their time  spent in North Vietnamese prisons. `When we got tortured, everybody has a  problem in their body,' comments Son. `Like Than Van Kinh, all his  teeth was broken out.' With that cue, Kinh opens his mouth wide and taps  his dentures with a finger. `And my leg sometimes is paralyzed.  Everybody is like that in the winter. Sometimes we get pain and hurt in  the knee and in the body. You see the outside is good [i.e., they look  fine from the outside], but inside sometimes from the fall to winter, if  the weather changes, everybody gets pain.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;When  they were released from prison, their lives improved little. Because  they were branded as traitors in Vietnam, it was hard to get work. `It  was very, very difficult because when we go to apply for a job in  Vietnam, the Vietnamese communists check and they know that this was a  spy commando,' says Son. `So that everybody has to go to work as a  farmer, and some drive a three-wheeled motorcycle in Saigon.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Tourison  maintains that U.S. policy toward the commandos has ruined more than  just their own lives. `In Vietnam, they are largely excluded from all  legal forms of employment,' he explains. `Because of that, the children  normally have to cut their education short to engage in child labor to  support their parents. We have visited the sins on three generations.  The older couples, their children, and their grandchildren.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;In  Atlanta, some of the commandos are retired, but most are employed in  various jobs. For example, Nhung works in a factory that manufacturers  containers, Son is a sales and leasing consultant at an auto dealership,  and Rang and his wife own a beauty salon in Duluth--aptly named  American Nails. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Remarkably,  the commandos harbor less anger toward the United States than one might  expect. `My friend Quach Nhung say, everybody still have a little anger  with the leaders who betrayed us, but we know that they are not the  representatives of U.S. government right now, they are not the American  people,' says Son, speaking for his comrade. `Of course, everybody get  angry, but we have to talk with the American people and the American  government to [let them] know about the facts of history. We think we  have to fight for justice.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Son  has been informed that the commandos should receive their back pay from  the United States in about 18 months. When they receive those funds,  the commandos plan to pool their resources. `In Atlanta, we have about  30 commandos ,' explains Son. `[We] will establish a joint venture  corporation and maybe we will do a business like a Vietnamese market and  everybody will work for our company, every commando and their family.  And we think that corporation may develop for the commandos' children's  future and take care of the old.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;By  combining the money they will get from the U.S. government, the  commandos will have a substantial amount to work with. However, Son  admits that when Americans learn what happened to them and how much the  government is planning on compensating the commandos , many of them are  appalled. `American people, they say, you are worth $4 million, not  $40,000,' says Son. `That's very cheap. It's a little bit.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;LET'S SCREW THEM AGAIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Even  though life seems to be on the upswing for the commandos , there are  still a few snags. Some of the commandos , including Than Van Kinh, have  had problems bringing their families to this country. His wife and son  have been denied entrance. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;`His  wife was denied with no reason,' says Son, translating Kinh's words.  `We were very surprised because his wife was waiting for him from the  time he was captured in North Vietnam.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Tourison  also expresses exasperation that Kinh's wife was denied immigration.  `Over the last 35 years, Than Van Kinh has spent maybe five or six years  with his wife out of all of his adult life,' he says. `This is a woman  who worships the ground this guy walks on. They've been married since  the 1950s, and these sons of bitches [in the Immigration and  Naturalization Service], with a stroke of the pen say, `Well we just  don't believe she's your wife.' What are you going to do at that point?  That's just so damn cruel.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;There are also some 70 former still in Vietnam, some of whom have found getting less than easy. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;`This  is a relatively small community of people who paid a higher price than  anyone who served us during the war,' says Tourison. `Unfortunately, the  State Department and the INS give them absolutely no priority. What  that means is that when they submit papers to the embassy in Bangkok  applying to depart Vietnam or they get a request for more documents, it  can take six months to a year until someone acts on it. And you know  what happens? &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;`They  die. I have gotten letters from commandos , and then six months later  while they are waiting for an answer from the embassy in Bangkok, they  die. It tears me apart every damn time that happens because it is so  fundamentally wrong and so fundamentally counter to our own values. They  were first in prison, last out, and let's screw them again.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;As  the former commandos wait for their payment from the United States, as  they wait for other comrades and stranded family members to join them,  they say they are enjoying their lives in America but have not forgotten  their homeland. `Of course we miss Vietnam,' says Son. `And everybody,  except Mr. Kinh, who is too old, every commando thinks if we get a start  on an organization, if we have weapons and we have [money], we want to  go back to Vietnam to fight with the communists again. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;`My  friend Quach Nhung, he say, of course now I like it in America, it is  better than in Vietnam, but because we have sacrificed for our country  and for freedom, we did not like to see the Vietnamese communists take  over. We want Vietnam to be a country with freedom, human rights, and  democracy.' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;THE AMERICAN LEGION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Department of California, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;San Francisco, CA, May 1, 1998. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Hon. Loretta Sanchez, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;House of Representatives, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Washington, DC. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Dear  Representative Sanchez: Be it war, police action or a conflict,  everyone who participates puts certain things at risk. Mainly, their  freedom, fortune and happiness--but for a cause. It is unfortunate that  the turn of events which led to the culmination of the Vietnam Conflict  are recorded as they are in history. But the cost of war does not  necessarily stop with the signing of a peace agreement. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;There  are other residual costs that should be attended to. These costs are  defined as recognition of those who served as our allies--those who  believed in our causes, crossed the line and committed to the United  States government. I'm sure if history were unfolded for all to see it  would show that the South Vietnamese commandoes, who aided the United  States government in covert actions against the North Vietnamese , were  responsible for saving many American lives. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;To  that end, the same recognition due our soldiers, sailors, marines and  airmen involved in the Vietnamese Conflict should be afforded to the  former South Vietnam commandoes, who so gallantly served and endured. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Sincerely, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Frank C. Larson, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;Department Commander.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;END&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-3302947531547514490?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/3302947531547514490/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=3302947531547514490' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/3302947531547514490'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/3302947531547514490'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2010/10/hr-3668-s-1745-s-1894-public-law-104.html' title='(H.R. 3668 S. 1745, S. 1894, Public Law 104-201 Sec. 657 (Quốc Hội Khóa 104)'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TMnQIc_TA8I/AAAAAAAAQJM/fD4z3T4TE5E/s72-c/NhayToan.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-2566426628064939601</id><published>2010-10-08T13:14:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-10-08T13:32:42.831-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Vietnamese Commando Hearing</title><content type='html'>&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK98_kdsXHI/AAAAAAAAQDg/hAhV6Gkquy4/s640/Page33.jpg" width="384" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK99AyAi4AI/AAAAAAAAQDk/BwNG-77F3L4/s1600/Page34.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK99AyAi4AI/AAAAAAAAQDk/BwNG-77F3L4/s640/Page34.jpg" width="384" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK99B3edfeI/AAAAAAAAQDo/o1l-xkW5EDA/s1600/Page35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK99B3edfeI/AAAAAAAAQDo/o1l-xkW5EDA/s640/Page35.jpg" width="384" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK9921ffgDI/AAAAAAAAQDs/Mt3ourTCZ5o/s1600/Page36.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK9921ffgDI/AAAAAAAAQDs/Mt3ourTCZ5o/s640/Page36.jpg" width="384" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;script language="JavaScript" src="http://pub16.bravenet.com/counter/code.php?id=405502&amp;amp;usernum=1340045908&amp;amp;cpv=2" type="text/javascript"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Prepared by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Force Management Policy&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Interim Report to Congress&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Payments to Certain Persons Captured and Interned by North Vietnam&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;commonly referred to as the Vietnamese Commandos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;I. BACKGROUND&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (Public Law 104-201) requires the Secretary of Defense to report to Congress regarding the payment of claims by the Department of Defense (DoD) to certain persons captured and interned by North Vietnam. These persons are commonly referred to as the ‘Vietnamese Commandos.’ This provides an initial status report. A final report will be provided when payments have been completed.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 authorizes payments to a person who was captured and incarcerated by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam as a result of participation in operations conducted under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor. It also authorizes payments to a person who served as a Vietnamese operative pursuant to OPLAN 35, was captured and incarcerated by North Vietnamese forces as a result of OPLAN 35 opera tions in Laos or along the Lao-Vietnamese border, and remained in captivity after 1973. Should the Commando no longer be living, payments are authorized to the surviving spouse, and if none, to the surviving children in equal shares.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Payments are to be in the amount of $40,000. If the claimant demonstrates that the period of confinement was greater than 20 years, the Secretary of Defense may pay an additional $2000 per year up to a maximum of $50,000. $20 million was authorized to be appropriated for payments under this section.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The Secretary of Defense prescribed regulations including procedures for submitting claims. The regulations establish guidelines regarding appropriate documentation for establishing eligibility as determined in consultation with the heads of other agencies of the Government involved in OPLAN 34A, its predecessor or OPLAN 35. By law, claims must be filed within 18 months of the effective date of the regulations and a claimant’s eligibility must be determined within 18 months after receipt of the claim.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;All determinations by the Secretary are final and conclusive. The law prescribes that claimants have no right to judicial review, and such review is specifically precluded. The acceptance of payments "shall be=2 0in full satisfaction of all claims by or on behalf of that individual against the United States arising from operations under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;With regard to attorney fees, the law specifically states that "notwithstanding any contract, the representative of a person may not receive, for services rendered in conjunction with the claim, … more than 10 percent of a payment made under this section."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;II. APPROPRIATIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The Defense Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 1997 did not appropriate funds for payments in accordance with Section 657 of the Authorization Act. However, Congress included appropriations for this section in a bill providing supplemental appropriations for conducting operations in Bosnia. This bill was signed into law June 25th, 1997, appropriating $20 million for payment to Vietnamese Commandos.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;III. REGULATIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;On May 15, 1997, the Department approved regulations to establish procedures for receipt of claims and payment to Vietnamese Commandos. On June 25, 1997, the Department published in the Fede ral Register a Privacy Act Notice in accordance with 5 USC 552a, allowing for Privacy Act protection of associated records. On June 30, 1997, the Department published in the Federal Register a System of Records in accordance with OMB Circular A-130, allowing for formal claims receipt.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;On July 25, 1997, the regulations were formally published in the Federal Register as 32 CFR Part 270, "Compensation of Certain Former Operatives incarcerated by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam," effective May 15, 1997. These regulations prescribe in detail the membership of the Commission, henceforth called the Vietnamese Commandos Compensation Commission (VCCC), and the functions of the VCCC Support Staff. The regulations prescribe the standards and verification of eligibility of applicants, payment procedures, appeals procedures, and a complete application.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The complete regulations are at Appendix A of this report. Some key points with regard to the regulations are highlighted below:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The regulations are effective May 15, 1997. Hence, in accordance with Public Law 104-201, all claims must be submitted by November 15, 1998 (18 months after establishing associated Department regulations). The Commission has another 18 months to adjudicate claims, until May 1 5, 2000. However, the commission is adjudicating claims much faster than the 18 months allowed and expects its work to be completed by the end of 1999.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;On July 1, 1997, the Secretary of the Army established the VCCC Support Staff. The staff consists of a staff director, a contract staff advisor, three military staff analysts, two Vietnamese translators, a staff investigator and an administrative assistant. The staff members have become experts on the Vietnamese Commandos and are capable of processing and investigating 60 to 70 claims per month. The VCCC Support Staff makes recommendations to the Commission, which is responsible for actually adjudicating the eligibility of each claimant.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The standards for verification of eligibility were established so that information presented to the commission indicates whether "the applicant is more likely than not to be eligible for payment." Rather than requiring personal appearances, the regulations call for a notarized application, signed affidavits and various readily available identification documents. Upon learning that notary service was unavailable or available only at great expense for applicants living in Vietnam, the rules were amended prior to final publication waiving the notary requirement "in exceptional circumstances."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;While Section 657 of Public Law 104-201 established that claimants have no right to judicial review, the regulations do allow for an appeal process within DoD and establish specific appeal procedures for filing petitions for reconsideration.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Appendix A to 32 CFR Part 270 is a complete Application for Compensation for Vietnamese Commandos. The Support Staff has subsequently developed a bilingual application in both English and Vietnamese. The bilingual application is made available on request, is sent to all applicants applying directly from Vietnam and has been provided to the US Embassy in Vietnam.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;IV. SUMMARY OF PROGRESS TO DATE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The VCCC Support Staff began processing claims in September 1997. The Commission reviewed the first 20 claims in November 1997 and made payments on 16 approved claims by the end of November. The Commission approved 20 more claims in December and made payments before the end of the month. The VCCC meets monthly and now adjudicates 60 to 70 claims per month. The following is the status of claims presented to the VCCC as of September 18, 1998:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of claims received: 880&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of claims closed: 586&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Approved: 244&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Denied: 342&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Average processing time: 93 days&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of claims received from:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;U.S.: 388&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Vietnam: 490&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Australia: 2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total approved for payment: $9,969,500&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total paid to claimants: $3,024,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total held in abeyance: $6,945,500&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Petitions for Reconsideration: 35&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Commission denial affirmed: 35&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ISSUES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ineligible Claims from Vietnam&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Beginning in January 1998, the Commission began receiving a large number of claims from applicants in Vietnam who were clearly not former commandos. These applicants were mostly former Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) soldiers who were misled into believing the United States was making broad-based payments to former Vietnamese soldiers. Broadcasts over BBC radio based on incomplete information were partially responsible for this as well as an apparent "cottage industry" by which local Vietnamese, for a fee, processed applications, whether or not the applicant had any potential for qualifying. The VCCC and Support Staff have subsequently sent clarifying information in English and Vietnamese to the US Embassy in Vietnam, arranged for multiple broadcasts on Voice of America outlining qualifying criteria, and promptly provided specific disqualifying information in Vietnamese to all applicants whose claims were denied. No netheless, the Commission is now adjudicating approximately two claim denials for every claim approved.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Attorney Fees&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 specifically limits attorney fees to 10% of payments made. In early 1998, the Department received a number of inquiries with regard to attorney fees. A complaint was filed with the DoD Inspector General (IG) regarding an attorney who was charging his clients fees in excess of 10%. On March 12, 1998, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Force Management Policy directed that payments be held in abeyance pending resolution of this question of attorneys charging claimants excessive fees in violation of law. Efforts to resolve the issue directly with the attorney involved have not been successful. On July 17, 1998, the issue was referred by the Department of Justice to the United States Court of Federal Claims for resolution.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 658 of the FY1999 Defense Authorization Bill provides that "notwithstanding any prior agreement (including a power of attorney) to the contrary, the actual disbursement" of a payment under this section may be made only to the person who is eligible for payment. Passage of this amendment in the Authorization Bill would provide the Department a possible alternative to waiting for complet ion of the judicial process before being able to resume payments.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Disputed Claims&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;When the Department published its regulations in May 1997, one attorney represented the vast majority of the commandos. A few other attorneys have since represented a handful of additional claimants. However, one attorney has presented the VCCC Support Staff with over 80 powers of attorney switching claimants to himself from the original attorney. Some of these claimants’ applications had already been investigated, adjudicated and approved for payment. The original attorney has asked the Department in writing to defer action on these applications until such time as the validity of representation can be adjudicated in court. Section 658 of the FY1999 Defense Authorization Bill provides a possible alternative to waiting for completion of the judicial process before being able to resume payments.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Lawsuits&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 states that payments "under this section shall be in full satisfaction of all claims by or on behalf of that individual against the United States arising from oper ations under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nonetheless, the original lawsuit (April 1995) against the United States Government on behalf of the commandos remains open in the United States Court of Federal Claims.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;In April 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed suit against a second attorney in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. This suit charges the second attorney with interference with preexisting contractual client relationships. The attorney filing the lawsuit asked the Department to defer payment on disputed applications until such time as the validity of representation can be adjudicated in court. The VCCC Support Staff has received three subpoenas in conjunction with this suit.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;In June 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court, District of Massachusetts seeking Veterans benefits for the commandos similar to those granted to members of the Armed Forces of the United States.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;In August 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court, Southern District of Florida, naming the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Force Management Policy, the Chairman of the VCCC and the United States as defendants. This lawsuit involves the attorney fee issue referred in July 1998 by the Department of Justice to the United States Court of Federal Claims for resolution&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s43pkcxmI/AAAAAAAABos/aBdoRkbx3t0/s1600-h/File1147Size4Page1revised.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182298324922582626" src="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s43pkcxmI/AAAAAAAABos/aBdoRkbx3t0/s400/File1147Size4Page1revised.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4tJkcxlI/AAAAAAAABok/jTaUh9mTJC8/s1600-h/File1148Size4Page2.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182298144533956178" src="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4tJkcxlI/AAAAAAAABok/jTaUh9mTJC8/s400/File1148Size4Page2.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; 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text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4aJkcxiI/AAAAAAAABoM/ZSfAND8bxss/s1600-h/File1151Page4Size5.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182297818116441634" src="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4aJkcxiI/AAAAAAAABoM/ZSfAND8bxss/s400/File1151Page4Size5.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp0.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4T5kcxhI/AAAAAAAABoE/wub0ANXXnrs/s1600-h/File1152Size4Page6.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182297710742259218" src="http://bp0.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4T5kcxhI/AAAAAAAABoE/wub0ANXXnrs/s400/File1152Size4Page6.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp0.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4H5kcxgI/AAAAAAAABn8/-kypKwZuQ6M/s1600-h/File1170Page7Size4DanhSach.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182297504583828994" src="http://bp0.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4H5kcxgI/AAAAAAAABn8/-kypKwZuQ6M/s400/File1170Page7Size4DanhSach.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s31pkcxfI/AAAAAAAABn0/YYF9S-Oey8M/s1600-h/File1157MapOfNhaTu.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182297191051216370" src="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s31pkcxfI/AAAAAAAABn0/YYF9S-Oey8M/s400/File1157MapOfNhaTu.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-2566426628064939601?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/2566426628064939601/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=2566426628064939601' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/2566426628064939601'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/2566426628064939601'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2010/10/vietnamese-commando-hearing.html' title='Vietnamese Commando Hearing'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/TK98UHFSYTI/AAAAAAAAQBQ/WA87SoAuiQo/s72-c/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-7819420913080104968</id><published>2009-07-10T09:06:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2010-07-22T18:24:55.463-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Interim Report to Congress</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s1600-h/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182298505311209074" src="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s400/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;script language="JavaScript" src="http://pub16.bravenet.com/counter/code.php?id=405502&amp;amp;usernum=1340045908&amp;amp;cpv=2" type="text/javascript"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Prepared by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Force Management Policy&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Interim Report to Congress&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Payments to Certain Persons Captured and Interned by North Vietnam&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;commonly referred to as the Vietnamese Commandos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;I. BACKGROUND&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (Public Law 104-201) requires the Secretary of Defense to report to Congress regarding the payment of claims by the Department of Defense (DoD) to certain persons captured and interned by North Vietnam. These persons are commonly referred to as the ‘Vietnamese Commandos.’ This provides an initial status report. A final report will be provided when payments have been completed.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 authorizes payments to a person who was captured and incarcerated by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam as a result of participation in operations conducted under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor. It also authorizes payments to a person who served as a Vietnamese operative pursuant to OPLAN 35, was captured and incarcerated by North Vietnamese forces as a result of OPLAN 35 opera tions in Laos or along the Lao-Vietnamese border, and remained in captivity after 1973. Should the Commando no longer be living, payments are authorized to the surviving spouse, and if none, to the surviving children in equal shares.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Payments are to be in the amount of $40,000. If the claimant demonstrates that the period of confinement was greater than 20 years, the Secretary of Defense may pay an additional $2000 per year up to a maximum of $50,000. $20 million was authorized to be appropriated for payments under this section.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The Secretary of Defense prescribed regulations including procedures for submitting claims. The regulations establish guidelines regarding appropriate documentation for establishing eligibility as determined in consultation with the heads of other agencies of the Government involved in OPLAN 34A, its predecessor or OPLAN 35. By law, claims must be filed within 18 months of the effective date of the regulations and a claimant’s eligibility must be determined within 18 months after receipt of the claim.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;All determinations by the Secretary are final and conclusive. The law prescribes that claimants have no right to judicial review, and such review is specifically precluded. The acceptance of payments "shall be=2 0in full satisfaction of all claims by or on behalf of that individual against the United States arising from operations under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;With regard to attorney fees, the law specifically states that "notwithstanding any contract, the representative of a person may not receive, for services rendered in conjunction with the claim, … more than 10 percent of a payment made under this section."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;II. APPROPRIATIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The Defense Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 1997 did not appropriate funds for payments in accordance with Section 657 of the Authorization Act. However, Congress included appropriations for this section in a bill providing supplemental appropriations for conducting operations in Bosnia. This bill was signed into law June 25th, 1997, appropriating $20 million for payment to Vietnamese Commandos.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;III. REGULATIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;On May 15, 1997, the Department approved regulations to establish procedures for receipt of claims and payment to Vietnamese Commandos. On June 25, 1997, the Department published in the Fede ral Register a Privacy Act Notice in accordance with 5 USC 552a, allowing for Privacy Act protection of associated records. On June 30, 1997, the Department published in the Federal Register a System of Records in accordance with OMB Circular A-130, allowing for formal claims receipt.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;On July 25, 1997, the regulations were formally published in the Federal Register as 32 CFR Part 270, "Compensation of Certain Former Operatives incarcerated by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam," effective May 15, 1997. These regulations prescribe in detail the membership of the Commission, henceforth called the Vietnamese Commandos Compensation Commission (VCCC), and the functions of the VCCC Support Staff. The regulations prescribe the standards and verification of eligibility of applicants, payment procedures, appeals procedures, and a complete application.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The complete regulations are at Appendix A of this report. Some key points with regard to the regulations are highlighted below:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The regulations are effective May 15, 1997. Hence, in accordance with Public Law 104-201, all claims must be submitted by November 15, 1998 (18 months after establishing associated Department regulations). The Commission has another 18 months to adjudicate claims, until May 1 5, 2000. However, the commission is adjudicating claims much faster than the 18 months allowed and expects its work to be completed by the end of 1999.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;On July 1, 1997, the Secretary of the Army established the VCCC Support Staff. The staff consists of a staff director, a contract staff advisor, three military staff analysts, two Vietnamese translators, a staff investigator and an administrative assistant. The staff members have become experts on the Vietnamese Commandos and are capable of processing and investigating 60 to 70 claims per month. The VCCC Support Staff makes recommendations to the Commission, which is responsible for actually adjudicating the eligibility of each claimant.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The standards for verification of eligibility were established so that information presented to the commission indicates whether "the applicant is more likely than not to be eligible for payment." Rather than requiring personal appearances, the regulations call for a notarized application, signed affidavits and various readily available identification documents. Upon learning that notary service was unavailable or available only at great expense for applicants living in Vietnam, the rules were amended prior to final publication waiving the notary requirement "in exceptional circumstances."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;While Section 657 of Public Law 104-201 established that claimants have no right to judicial review, the regulations do allow for an appeal process within DoD and establish specific appeal procedures for filing petitions for reconsideration.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Appendix A to 32 CFR Part 270 is a complete Application for Compensation for Vietnamese Commandos. The Support Staff has subsequently developed a bilingual application in both English and Vietnamese. The bilingual application is made available on request, is sent to all applicants applying directly from Vietnam and has been provided to the US Embassy in Vietnam.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;IV. SUMMARY OF PROGRESS TO DATE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;The VCCC Support Staff began processing claims in September 1997. The Commission reviewed the first 20 claims in November 1997 and made payments on 16 approved claims by the end of November. The Commission approved 20 more claims in December and made payments before the end of the month. The VCCC meets monthly and now adjudicates 60 to 70 claims per month. The following is the status of claims presented to the VCCC as of September 18, 1998:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of claims received: 880&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of claims closed: 586&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Approved: 244&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Denied: 342&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Average processing time: 93 days&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of claims received from:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;U.S.: 388&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Vietnam: 490&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Australia: 2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total approved for payment: $9,969,500&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total paid to claimants: $3,024,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total held in abeyance: $6,945,500&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Petitions for Reconsideration: 35&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Commission denial affirmed: 35&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ISSUES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ineligible Claims from Vietnam&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Beginning in January 1998, the Commission began receiving a large number of claims from applicants in Vietnam who were clearly not former commandos. These applicants were mostly former Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) soldiers who were misled into believing the United States was making broad-based payments to former Vietnamese soldiers. Broadcasts over BBC radio based on incomplete information were partially responsible for this as well as an apparent "cottage industry" by which local Vietnamese, for a fee, processed applications, whether or not the applicant had any potential for qualifying. The VCCC and Support Staff have subsequently sent clarifying information in English and Vietnamese to the US Embassy in Vietnam, arranged for multiple broadcasts on Voice of America outlining qualifying criteria, and promptly provided specific disqualifying information in Vietnamese to all applicants whose claims were denied. No netheless, the Commission is now adjudicating approximately two claim denials for every claim approved.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Attorney Fees&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 specifically limits attorney fees to 10% of payments made. In early 1998, the Department received a number of inquiries with regard to attorney fees. A complaint was filed with the DoD Inspector General (IG) regarding an attorney who was charging his clients fees in excess of 10%. On March 12, 1998, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Force Management Policy directed that payments be held in abeyance pending resolution of this question of attorneys charging claimants excessive fees in violation of law. Efforts to resolve the issue directly with the attorney involved have not been successful. On July 17, 1998, the issue was referred by the Department of Justice to the United States Court of Federal Claims for resolution.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 658 of the FY1999 Defense Authorization Bill provides that "notwithstanding any prior agreement (including a power of attorney) to the contrary, the actual disbursement" of a payment under this section may be made only to the person who is eligible for payment. Passage of this amendment in the Authorization Bill would provide the Department a possible alternative to waiting for complet ion of the judicial process before being able to resume payments.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Disputed Claims&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;When the Department published its regulations in May 1997, one attorney represented the vast majority of the commandos. A few other attorneys have since represented a handful of additional claimants. However, one attorney has presented the VCCC Support Staff with over 80 powers of attorney switching claimants to himself from the original attorney. Some of these claimants’ applications had already been investigated, adjudicated and approved for payment. The original attorney has asked the Department in writing to defer action on these applications until such time as the validity of representation can be adjudicated in court. Section 658 of the FY1999 Defense Authorization Bill provides a possible alternative to waiting for completion of the judicial process before being able to resume payments.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Lawsuits&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 657 states that payments "under this section shall be in full satisfaction of all claims by or on behalf of that individual against the United States arising from oper ations under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35."&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nonetheless, the original lawsuit (April 1995) against the United States Government on behalf of the commandos remains open in the United States Court of Federal Claims.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;In April 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed suit against a second attorney in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. This suit charges the second attorney with interference with preexisting contractual client relationships. The attorney filing the lawsuit asked the Department to defer payment on disputed applications until such time as the validity of representation can be adjudicated in court. The VCCC Support Staff has received three subpoenas in conjunction with this suit.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;In June 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court, District of Massachusetts seeking Veterans benefits for the commandos similar to those granted to members of the Armed Forces of the United States.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;In August 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court, Southern District of Florida, naming the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Force Management Policy, the Chairman of the VCCC and the United States as defendants. This lawsuit involves the attorney fee issue referred in July 1998 by the Department of Justice to the United States Court of Federal Claims for resolution&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s43pkcxmI/AAAAAAAABos/aBdoRkbx3t0/s1600-h/File1147Size4Page1revised.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182298324922582626" src="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s43pkcxmI/AAAAAAAABos/aBdoRkbx3t0/s400/File1147Size4Page1revised.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s4tJkcxlI/AAAAAAAABok/jTaUh9mTJC8/s1600-h/File1148Size4Page2.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182298144533956178" 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href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/7819420913080104968'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2009/07/anh-linh-tu-si-so-bac-nha-ky-thuat.html' title='Interim Report to Congress'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s72-c/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-683283198696816661</id><published>2009-07-07T09:26:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2009-07-07T09:27:14.859-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Biệt Kích Cô đơn</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SlN3XdzHsPI/AAAAAAAAEnk/i6X3d3Jz8us/s1600-h/File1169ToanNhayBacLongThanh.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 245px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SlN3XdzHsPI/AAAAAAAAEnk/i6X3d3Jz8us/s400/File1169ToanNhayBacLongThanh.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5355755626893390066" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trời Calị mưa giăng kín suốt cả tuần nay, buồn não nuột; nghe tiếng máy bay lẻ loi,&lt;br /&gt;lòng chạnh nhớ đến những lần thả Biệt Kích đơn lẻ, âm thầm trong mưa gió.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chạnh nhớ đến anh.......&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Trên độ cao mấy ngàn bộ của trại tù "Cổng Trời" với mây phủ quanh năm; dưới&lt;br /&gt;cái lạnh thấu xương, cắt da của núi rừng Việt Bắc; anh đã ra đi vào lòng dất mẹ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Trại "Cổng Trời", một trại tù khắc nghiệt nhất của Miền Bắc đã được dành dể&lt;br /&gt;đón tiếp các anh, những Biệt Kích quân và Gián điệp của Việt Nam Cộng Hoà.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Mùa đông trên đỉnh núi, dưới cái lạnh đông đá; người tù được một bộ đồ&lt;br /&gt;ngủ mỏng manh và bị bỏ đói triền miên năm này qua năm khác; với phần ăn chỉ vừa đủ&lt;br /&gt;để kéo dài cuộc sống lất lây hầu đi trọn con đường lãnh nhận đoạ đầỵ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anh bị bỏ vào xà lim, bị cùm cứng trên nền xi măng lạnh đến nhức nhối thịt da; anh&lt;br /&gt;không chịu mặc đồ tù của chúng và cũng chẳng thèm ăn.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anh xé bộ đồ mỏng manh của chúng phát cho và nằm trần truồng trên nền xi măng lạnh&lt;br /&gt;thấu tim gan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Khi anh chỉ còn thoi thóp với chút tàn hơi, anh đã từ chối bát cơm với miếng thịt mà&lt;br /&gt;chúng làm đặc biệt cho anh để dỗ dành anh sống.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chút hơi tàn cuối cùng anh dùng để ném bát cơm vào mặt tên đại úy giám thị và thản&lt;br /&gt;nhiên nằm loã lồ chờ cái chết đớn đau đến chậm.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nếu không có người bạn đồng tù ở xà lim bên cạnh, người bạn tù khiêng xác thân tím&lt;br /&gt;lạnh, gần như đóng đá của anh ra, và những giòng chữ viết bằng máu trên tường của&lt;br /&gt;xà lim thì có lẽ cũng chẳng ai biết tên anh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anh không thành công, thế nhưng anh đã thành nhân.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Một nén hương lòng em xin gởi đến anh&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Người biệt kích cô đơn : MAI VĂN TUẤN.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Biệt Kích Cô đơn&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Khi nhân loại còn đang say giấc ngủ&lt;br /&gt;Cánh hoa dù anh nở giữa không gian&lt;br /&gt;Những mong đem đại nghĩa thắng hung tàn&lt;br /&gt;Rất lặng lẽ, âm thầm vào đất địch&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thành phố vẫn còn say sưa mộng đẹp&lt;br /&gt;Chỉ riêng mình anh thức trắng.....anh ơi !!.&lt;br /&gt;Rừng núi xanh thăm thẳm đón chân ai&lt;br /&gt;Mưa gió lạnh ướt vai người Biệt Kích&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hậu phương xa vẫn vui chơi thoả thích&lt;br /&gt;Riêng mình anh, rừng biên giới hoang vu&lt;br /&gt;Anh đơn thương, độc mã giữa quân thù&lt;br /&gt;Anh vùng vẫy, Triệu Tử Long thời đại&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tuổi trai trẻ đem chôn ngoài quan tái&lt;br /&gt;Thanh xuân ơi !!.........còn lại được những chi&lt;br /&gt;Trót sinh ngay vào thời buổi loạn ly&lt;br /&gt;Thản nhiên tặng đời trai cho đất nước&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anh !!..Anh hỡi !!..những người anh đi trước&lt;br /&gt;Dấu chân anh dẫm nát cả biên thuỳ&lt;br /&gt;Có ngờ đâu ngày tử biệt sinh ly&lt;br /&gt;Bao hy sinh tan tành theo vận nước&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;đứa em nhỏ chẳng kiếm cung thao lược&lt;br /&gt;Giờ bơ vơ, lặng lẽ kiếp đơn côi&lt;br /&gt;Lời năm xưạ......... thôi đã lỡ hẹn rồi&lt;br /&gt;Ôi !!!....đất nước rơi vào tay bạo ngược&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anh bước đi khỏi cõi đời ô trược&lt;br /&gt;Nhưng tên anh in đậm đáy tim ai&lt;br /&gt;Em chẳng là một Bồ Tát tái lai&lt;br /&gt;Nên đành sống kiếp đời sân, si mãi&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bể trầm luân bơi hoài trong khổ ải&lt;br /&gt;Lo làm chi những định mệnh vô thường&lt;br /&gt;Bởi là người, nên biết giận, biết thương&lt;br /&gt;Và còn biết yêu quê hương tha thiết&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bao nhiêu năm bóng quê hương biền biệt&lt;br /&gt;Nhưng lòng em chẳng quên được anh ơi !!...&lt;br /&gt;Từng ngày qua, là một nhớ thêm thôi&lt;br /&gt;Ôi tan nát !!!.........Cả quê hương rên xiết&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Triệu dân đen đang kêu gào thảm thiết&lt;br /&gt;Năm rồi năm vẫn chỉ trắng hai tay&lt;br /&gt;Người nhìn người như quỷ dữ đầu thai&lt;br /&gt;Người giết người trong tận cùng kinh hãi&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Em ngồi đây với trái tim tê dại&lt;br /&gt;Viết giòng thơ thương nhớ gởi anh yêu&lt;br /&gt;đôi tay em dính máu cũng quá nhiều&lt;br /&gt;Nhưng em chẳng làm cách nào hơn được&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Em chỉ muốn ngăn quân thù bạo ngược&lt;br /&gt;Giữ bình an làng xóm giống như anh&lt;br /&gt;Nhưng lòng em còn nhi nữ thường tình&lt;br /&gt;Nên yếu mềm, đớn đau, như con gái&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cũng đắm say những tình yêu thơ dại&lt;br /&gt;Và đam mê, rồi thơ thẩn, mộng mơ&lt;br /&gt;Còn chiến tranh, từ trước tới bây giờ&lt;br /&gt;Em sợ lắm,........ muôn đời, em vẫn sợ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nhưng anh ơi, khi non sông nặng nợ&lt;br /&gt;Thất phu còn hữu trách nữa kia mà.&lt;br /&gt;Em,.....cánh chim bé nhỏ giữa can quạ&lt;br /&gt;Cũng đành phải giết người không rơi lệ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ai làm cho em lạnh lùng như thế&lt;br /&gt;Chiến tranh ơi !!......Tàn bạo vậy hay saỏ&lt;br /&gt;Buổi hành quân, máu đẫm ướt chiến bào&lt;br /&gt;Bàn tay em đã đôi lần run sợ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Vào chiến địa, em tưởng nhự.....đi chợ&lt;br /&gt;đạn bom reo, em ngỡ..........pháo giao thừạ&lt;br /&gt;Giờ ngồi nghe bản "Lạnh Trọn đêm Mưa"&lt;br /&gt;Thấy tim mình tan hoang thêm lần nữạ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anh !!...Anh hỡi !!..người anh yêu ngã ngựạ&lt;br /&gt;Ngủ đi anh !!......anh hãy ngủ cho ngoan.&lt;br /&gt;Lần sa cơ, thất thế, một đời tan.&lt;br /&gt;Nhưng anh vẫn trong tim em sống mãị&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hãy mặc kệ những tranh giành phải, tráị&lt;br /&gt;Mặc cuộc đời tranh cãi, thắng hay thuạ&lt;br /&gt;Lũ quái thai đang đến lúc được mùạ&lt;br /&gt;Gặp thời thế, thế thời đành phải thế.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hợp rồi tan, cuộc đời cơn dâu bể.&lt;br /&gt;Vẫn biết thừa rằng kiếp sống phù du&lt;br /&gt;Anh ra đi, lặng lẽ một chiều thụ&lt;br /&gt;Bỏ sau lưng những hận thù nghiệt ngã&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Có những lúc em nghe lòng băng giá&lt;br /&gt;Những chiều buồn trời đất ngập mưa bay&lt;br /&gt;Nhớ đến anh, từng phút, lại từng giâỵ&lt;br /&gt;Tơ đàn chùng như chính lòng em vậỵ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bao cảm xúc, chợt bùng lên bén nhậy&lt;br /&gt;Hoá thân thành giọt nước mắt trào mi&lt;br /&gt;Chiến tranh ơi !!.....Sao lại đến làm chi&lt;br /&gt;Trên đất nước đã tan hoang khốn khổ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bao nhiêu năm dưới gót giầy đô hộ&lt;br /&gt;Hết giặc Tầu, rồi lại đến giặc Tây&lt;br /&gt;Giờ giặc Hồ, và kế tiếp........ai đây ?&lt;br /&gt;Quê hương ơi !!.....Sao đoạ đày như vậy ?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;định mệnh nào an bày ra thế đấy ?&lt;br /&gt;Có phải chăng tạo hoá muốn trêu ngươi ?&lt;br /&gt;Lũ ma vương hớn hở toét môi cười&lt;br /&gt;Trải thảm đỏ, rước ngoại bang nhập cuộc&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hôm nay đây, trang sử đầy nhơ nhuốc&lt;br /&gt;Khách mua hoa, lũ lượt đến Việt Nam&lt;br /&gt;Ở nơi đây hàng hoá rẻ vô vàn.&lt;br /&gt;đặc biệt nhất là loại hàng...."Gái Việt"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nào Mỹ, Nga,... nào đại Hàn, Pháp, Chệt&lt;br /&gt;Gái còn tơ, dành để các "ngài" xơi&lt;br /&gt;Em này đây, mới mười bốn tuổi thôi&lt;br /&gt;đại hạ giá, khắp nơi bày la liệt&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Em đứng kia, con "Nguỵ Quân" vừa chết&lt;br /&gt;Tuổi cũng vừa chỉ mới chớm mười hai&lt;br /&gt;Vừa trinh nguyên, lại đẹp cả trong, ngoài&lt;br /&gt;Giá rẻ mạt, các "ngài" đừng ngần ngại&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bốn ngàn năm mới có lần như vậy&lt;br /&gt;Dịp may này, chỉ có một không hai&lt;br /&gt;đảng đi rồi, ngàn năm tới chẳng ai&lt;br /&gt;đem gái Việt, bán cho "ngài" lần nữa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Những bán, mua, đã làm em lộn mửa&lt;br /&gt;Vẫn còn đang tiếp diễn khắp nơi nơi&lt;br /&gt;Những bé trai, tám tuổi đã tù rồi&lt;br /&gt;Còn thơ dại, đã mang bao thứ tội&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tội giựt đồ, rồi tội ăn, tội nói&lt;br /&gt;Tội giết người, đến tội bán, tội mua&lt;br /&gt;Anh !!..Anh ơi !!....Thương biết mấy cho vừa&lt;br /&gt;Tuổi trẻ đó, tương lai cho đất nước&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Giải phóng, giờ hiện nguyên hình trộm, cướp&lt;br /&gt;đày dân lành xuống tận đáy vực sâu&lt;br /&gt;Trước ngoại bang, chúng dập mặt cúi đầu&lt;br /&gt;Và phủ phục, reo to lời cung hỷ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Em muốn nói, cho dù hơi ích kỷ&lt;br /&gt;Nói rằng em muốn được với người yêu&lt;br /&gt;Sánh vai nhau, dạo phố mỗi buổi chiều&lt;br /&gt;Hương con gái, làm tim em rạo rực&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mộng ước nhỏ, nhưng chưa thành sự thực&lt;br /&gt;Anh và em đã kẹt giữa chiến chinh&lt;br /&gt;Có phải chăng, cả hai đứa chúng mình&lt;br /&gt;Mang tội nặng,......"tội" sinh lầm thế kỷ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Em cũng muốn được dừng chân ngơi nghỉ&lt;br /&gt;Ngoảnh lại nhìn, một nửa mảnh đời tan&lt;br /&gt;Nhìn máu xương vung vãi khắp sa trường&lt;br /&gt;Em sợ lắm, anh ơi !!.....Em sợ lắm.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nhưng khi thấy triệu mảnh đời cay đắng&lt;br /&gt;Ngọn lửa xưa lại cháy bỏng lòng em&lt;br /&gt;chẳng lụi tàn mà còn nóng thêm lên&lt;br /&gt;Và thôi thúc em trở vào nhập cuộc&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Em muốn quên, nhưng không sao quên được&lt;br /&gt;Những cảnh đời, tan nát cả tim, gan&lt;br /&gt;Nếu mà em........quay ngược nổi thời gian&lt;br /&gt;Thì em lại, xin làm..........."Tên Lính Nguỵ"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Vĩnh biệt anh : MAI VĂN TUẤN&lt;br /&gt;Người biệt kích cô đơn&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;đứa em nhỏ&lt;br /&gt;Ly Hương&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-683283198696816661?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/683283198696816661/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=683283198696816661' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/683283198696816661'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/683283198696816661'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2009/07/biet-kich-co-on.html' title='Biệt Kích Cô đơn'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SlN3XdzHsPI/AAAAAAAAEnk/i6X3d3Jz8us/s72-c/File1169ToanNhayBacLongThanh.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-6232978400928266695</id><published>2008-10-20T15:34:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-10-20T15:35:06.571-07:00</updated><title type='text'>BIỆT KÍCH DÙ TẠI BẮC VIỆT</title><content type='html'>&lt;strong&gt;VÀI NÉT VỀ HOẠT ĐỘNG CỦA &lt;br /&gt;BIỆT KÍCH DÙ TẠI BẮC VIỆT &lt;br /&gt;  Trung Tá Nguyễn Văn Vinh &lt;br /&gt;(P45-SB, Nha Kỹ Thuật, BTTM, QLVNCH)  &lt;br /&gt; Lời Tòa Soạn: &lt;br /&gt;VNCH đã giữ vững được cuộc sống tự do trong suốt 21 năm ngắn ngủi nhưng đầy gian truân, máu và nước mắt, đầy sự hy sinh của biết bao nhiêu người . &lt;br /&gt;Trong số những sự hy sinh đó, phải nói tới sự hy sinh của người lính Biệt Kích Dù hoạt động tại Bắc Việt . Số phận của họ rất bi thảm khi bị kẹt tại Bắc Việt . Bảng tổng kết sơ khởi cho biết trong số những Biệt Kích Dù được thả ra miền Bắc có 7 người đã bị CS tuyên án tử hình và đã bị hành quyết, 9 người tử trận, 21 người chết trong các trại tù khổ sai miền Bắc, 7 người chết sau khi được thả về, 2 người mất tích khi thi hành nhiệm vụ, 11 người bị chỉ định phải định cư tại các nông trường hay hợp tác xã miền Bắc . Đa số những người còn lại đều bị tra tấn dã man và bị bắt lao động khổ sai trong những trại tù khắc nghiệt nhất . Tại sao hầu hết các biệt kích thả xuống miền Bắc đã bị CS bắt ? &lt;br /&gt;Bài viết sau đây là của Trung tá Nguyễn Văn Vinh, người trực tiếp phụ trách các toán Biệt Kích Dù được thả xuống Bắc Việt, sẽ cho chúng ta biết những nét đại cương về tổ chức các đơn vị Biệt Kích, các hoạt động của họ và cách thức điều hành của cơ quan tình báo Hoa Kỳ . &lt;br /&gt;  * * * * * &lt;br /&gt; Vài nét về hoạt động của Biệt Kích Dù tại Bắc Việt &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Ít ai biết đến các tên P45, Sở Bắc hay Sở Khai Thác, tiền thân của Nha Kỹ Thuật Bộ Tổng Tham Mưụ Đó là những bí danh của một cơ quan tình báo chiến lược, được thành lập từ cuối năm 1958, đặt trực thuộc Phủ Tổng Thống và nằm trong mạng lưới chỉ huy của Đại Tá Lê Quang Tung, Tư Lệnh Lực Lượng Đặc Biệt VNCH . Cơ quan này được Hoa Kỳ yễm trợ cả về tài chánh lẫn các phương tiện cần thiết để thực hiện cuộc chiến tranh không quy ước chống miền Bắc CS . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Sau Hiệp dịnh đình chiến Geneva, vĩ tuyến 17 được chọn làm vùng phi quân sự và sông Bến Hải là biên giới thiên nhiên, ngăn cách 2 miền Nam Tự Do và Bắc CS . Quân đội viễn chinh Pháp, dưới áp lực của Hoa Kỳ, đã phải kéo cờ tam tài xuống khỏi dinh Norodom, nhường chỗ cho quốc kỳ VN tung bay tại dinh Độc lập vừa được đổi tên và đổi chủ . Để đáp lại, quân đội Pháp đã không nương tay, xóa sạch mạng lưới tình báo mà họ đã khổ công gầy dựng trong nhiều năm tại miền Bắc . Đây là một sự thiệt hại khá lớn cho ngành tình báo non trẻ của miền Nam . Trong khi đó, CS đã để lại tại miền Nam vô số cơ sở tình báo mà họ đã gầy dựng trong suốt thời kỳ chống Pháp, trong đó phải kể đến các thân nhân của các cán bộ và bộ đội tập kết . Thêm vào đó, các khuyết điểm to lớn chồng chất của 2 chế độ lỗi thời Thực dân dân và Phong kiến đã làm mồi nuôi dưỡng các phong trào chống đối trong nội bộ miền Nam, rất thuận lợi cho các cán bộ CS nằm vùng khai thác . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Dù vậy, ngành tình báo miền Nam, tuy phải xây dựng trễ và phải đặt nền móng từ đầu, nhưng lại được hưởng ứng nồng nhiệt vì đa số người Việt thời ấy, nhất là đồng bào di cư, các bộ lạc dân tộc thiểu số, các đảng phái chính trị và tín đồ các tôn giáo, đã thấy rõ bộ mặt gian dối của CS . Có người đã chứng kiến những vụ tàn sát hay đấu tô dã man các thành phần quốc gia yêu nước nhưng bất đồng chính kiến với CS và có khi họ chính là thân nhân của các nạn nhân đó . Ngoài ra, những tài liệu sống động như cuốn phim Chúng Tôi Muốn Sống đã gây được một ấn tượng ghê tởm CS trong mọi tầng lớp nhân dân miền Nam . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Nắm được các yếu tố thuận lợi trên đây, Sở Bắc đã gấp rút gửi nhân viên đến các trại định cư, liên lạc với các vị lãnh dạo tinh thần cũng như các bộ lạc dân tộc thiểu số, chiêu mộ các thanh niên nhiệt tình yêu nước còn thân nhân ở tại miền Bắc, để cấp tốc đưa về huấn luyện và tạo vỏ bọc thuận lợi, đưa họ về quê quán hoạt động . &lt;br /&gt;Từ những năm đầu tiên đến năm 1966, các toán xâm nhập miền Bắc thường xử dụng một trong những phương cách sau đây: &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;- Nhảy dù đêm vào vùng mục tiêu . &lt;br /&gt;- Xâm nhập đường biển bằng thuyền mẹ, và từ đó xử dụng thuyền con bơi vào vùng công tác . &lt;br /&gt;- Xâm nhập vào vùng phi quân sự, vượt sông Bến Hải và lén lút đi bộ vào điểm công tác, móc nối với thân nhân đã nằm vùng, hoặc giới chức được tín nhiệm tại địa phương . Trường hợp sau này thường phải xử dụng “bona fides” để nhận nhau . &lt;br /&gt;- Cử chuyên viên phục vụ tại Tòa Đại sứ của một vài nước thứ 3 như Lào, Cam-bốt, Pháp, Thái Lan hay Hong Kong...rồi từ đó tuyển mộ và huấn luyện các công tác viên có khả năng, và tạo cho họ cái vỏ bọc thích hợp cũng như giấy tờ hợp lệ để họ dễ dàng xâm nhập vào miền Bắc hoạt động . Phương pháp này đã được điều nghiên tỉ mỉ, nhưng vì quá tốn kém nên chỉ được thực hiện từng giai đoạn . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Tuy có nhiều hình thức xâm nhập khác nhau như vừa trình bày trên, nhưng trong bài này, tôi (Trung tá Nguyễn Văn Vinh) chỉ xin đề cập đến những toán Biệt Kích xâm nhập miền Bắc bằng đường hàng không mà thôi, vì đây la phần việc mà chính tôi đã đảm nhận trong nhiều năm tại cơ quan tình báo chiến lược này . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Những chuyến bay đêm &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Các toán Biệt Kích Dù thường được thả xuống miền Bắc vào những đêm trăng . Mùa trăng thuận lợi cho công tác này bắt đầu từ ngày mồng 10 - 20 âm lịch hằng tháng . Giờ giấc được chọn tùy thuộc vào điều kiện an ninh và thời tiết tại vùng công tác . Để có đủ phương tiện đối phó với các bất trắc có thể xảy ra khi toán chạm đất, các nhân viên Biệt Kích Dù phải mang theo các trang bị cá nhân khá nặng nề . Ngoài súng tiểu liên Swedish K. của Thụy Điển hoặc Sten của Anh hay Uzi của Do Thái có trang bị ống giảm thanh và 3 đơn vị hỏa lực, họ còn phải đèo thêm các dụng cụ khác trên 20 món, nào bidon nước, bản đồ vùng mục tiêu, địa bàn, lựu đạn, 3 ngày lương khô, đèn bấm, pamean, dao găm, túi cứu thương cá nhân, cà mèn, pháo hiệu (pen flare), đồng hồ đeo tay, radio, v.v ... &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Các dụng cụ này thường được mua ở các nước thứ 3 và không một trang cụ nào được mang nhãn hiệu Hoa Kỳ hay miền Nam VN . Các đồ trang bị tập thể như dụng cụ phá hoại, đồ cứu thương, lương thực dự trữ dùng cho 3 tháng, v.v...đều được đóng thành kiện. Máy truyền tin dự trữ và máy beacon là máy phát tín hiệu có tầng số nhất định, được đặt tại kiện hàng số 1 . Các toán viên khi nhảy dù xâm nhập vào đêm, chiếc dù có thể bị ảnh hưởng của gió, bạt ra xa cách bãi thả 1-2 km . Nhưng nhờ các radio cá nhân, họ có thể dễ dàng bắt tín hiệu từ máy beacon phát ra, để đi về hướng tập trung . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Thông thường, các nhân viên quê quán vùng vào được thả về mục tiêu vùng đó . Để đảm bảo an ninh cho công tác, mục tiêu và nhiệm vụ của toán chỉ được thuyết trình vào giờ chót, trước khi lên máy baỵ Các chuyến xuất phát trong những năm đầu đến năm 1964, chính cơ quan Trung Ương Tình Báo Hoa Kỳ đã yểm trợ cho các chuyến bay bí mật này và lộ trình duy nhất được xử dụng là Tân Sơn Nhất - Đà Nẵng &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;- Vùng mục tiêu . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Tại Đà Nẵng, đợi lúc trời tối, phi cơ cỡi bỏ hết mọi huy hiệu trước khi khởi hành xâm nhập vào vùng hành quân . Phi cơ được xử dụng là loại DC7 hoặc DC6 . Phi hành đoàn thường là người Trung Hoạ Tuy nhiên, cũng có lúc phi hành đoàn là người VN, được tuyển chọn trong số sĩ quan có khả năng và được tín nhiệm nhất của Không Quân Việt Nam . Phó TT Nguyễn Cao Kỳ hồi còn mang lon Đại úy, đã nhiều lần làm phi công chính thức cho các phi vụ đặc biệt này . Đến cuối năm 1966, Trung Ương Tình Báo Hoa Kỳ rút vào bóng tối, nhường chỗ cho MAC-SOG, một cơ quan tình báo quân sự, thay thế yểm trợ cho Nha Kỹ Thuật . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Khi cường độ chiến tranh VN đi đến giai đoạn khốc liệt nhất thì nhu cầu tin tức gia tăng cao, do đó số toán Biệt Kích Dù hoạt động phải được tăng cường nhiều hơn . Các phương tiện xâm nhập cũ được thay thế bằng C123 hoặc C130 và nơi phát xuất được chuyển sang Nakor-Phanum, một sân bay nằm sát biên giới Thái-Lào hoặc sân bay don nằm ở phía Đông -Bắc Thái Lan . Từ các nơi đó các toán Biệt Kích Dù được chuyển qua trực thăng CH3 để bay băng qua lãnh thổ Lào, tiến về vùng mục tiêu nằm trên ranh giới Lào-Việt . Cũng có lúc mục tiêu được lựa chọn nằm sâu trong nội địa Bắc Viêt . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Trực thăng là phương tiện xâm nhập vừa rẻ tiền vừa tiện lợi nhưng lại là phương tiện kém an toàn nhất, vì tiếng động cơ quá lớn, địch dễ phát hiện . Phải chăng đây là một trong những nguyên nhân thất bại của công tác Biệt kích tại miền Bắc ? Vấn đề này đã được phía VN quan tâm và nêu lên nhiều lần trong các phiên họp Viê.t-Mỹ, nhưng phía đối nhiệm không quan tâm . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Số phận những con chim lạc loài &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Đến cuối năm 1968, trong số gần 40 toán được cho xâm nhập bằng đường hàng không và đường bộ để hoạt động dài hạn, chỉ con có 5 toán là còn giữ được liên lạc với Trung ương, đó là các toán Tourbillon (1962), Ares (1962), Remus (1963), Easy (1963) và Eagle (1963) . Theo đánh giá chung của các chuyên viên hữu trách Việt - Mỹ . thì cả 5 toán này hình như đã bị địch kiểm soát, nhưng cá nhân tôi vẫn còn tin tưởng một toán, đó là toán Ares . Sự tin tưởng này có thể đúng vì lý do sau đây: &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Vào những năm đầu ở trại cải tạo, tôi thường bị cán bộ, không biết thuộc cơ quan nào và cấp nào, đã thay nhau thẩm vấn tôi về các toán Biệt Kích . một trong những lần thẩm vấn ấy, tôi bị 3 tên cùng một lúc thay nhau hạch hỏi suốt buổi sáng, khiến tôi không còn sức chịu đựng, tôi đã bị gục ngã vì tức giận và xây xẩm . Họ cho người dẫn tôi về phòng, nhưng 2 giờ sau lại kéo tôi lên tiếp tục thẩm vấn . Họ dùng đủ trò ma giáo “hỉ, nộ, ái, ố”,...lúc thì mời tôi hút thuốc lá “có cán” (tức loại thuốc có đầu lọc, một loại thuốc cao cấp vào thời ấy), lúc lại đập bàn quát mắng, khinh bĩ . Họ chưa bao giờ đánh đập tôi lúc thẩm vấn, nhưng họ đã dùng những lời rất cộc cằn và thô lổ để áp đảo tinh thần tôi . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Một điều làm tôi quan tâm hơn cả là họ hỏi tôi rất nhiều về toán Ares, như trưởng toán tên gì, quê quán ở đâu, tuổi tác độ bao nhiêu, dáng điệu bên ngoài như thế nào, có những đặc điểm gì, những liên hệ gia đình, địa chỉ của các người thân lúc ở miền Nam, v.v ... Tôi thầm nghĩ nếu Ares đã thật sự nằm trong tay họ thì mắc mớ gì họ phải hỏi tôi những chuyện thừa thải ấy . Tôi có lý do để không trả lời họ, vì Ares đã xuất phát năm 1962, trước khi tôi được thuyên chuyển về Sở Bắc . Tuy nhiên, hôm nay tôi xin nói ra đây những gì tôi có thể nói ra được . Một vài chi tiết khác tôi thấy chưa thể tiết lộ lúc này vì có thể phương hại đến sự an toàn của toán đó, nếu quả thật toán đó đến nay vẫn còn dấu được tung tích . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Ares hay Hạ Long có tên thật là..., một cán bộ trung cấp và là đảng viên CS bị khai trừ vì bất mãn . Anh đã theo đoàn người di cư vào Nam năm...và được một giới chức miền Nam báo cáo lên ông Ngô Đình Nhu, Tổng Thống Diệm và ông Nhu đã lưu tâm và giúp đỡ cho người này . Sau dó, Sở Bắc đã cử người đến tiếp xúc thuyết phục và bố trí cho anh trở về Bắc hoạt động . Anh đã đồng ý và đã được đưa xâm nhập vào Vịnh Hạ Long năm 1962, rồi từ đó tiến dần về cảng Hải Phòng và nhà máy điện Uông Bí . Đây là 2 mục tiêu mà anh có nhiệm vụ theo dõi và báo cáo mọi sinh hoạt . Ares tỏ ra rất tích cực trong mọi nhiệm vụ giao phó, và điều rất kỳ lạ là anh đã mộ mến Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm một cách khác thường . Hàng năm, trước ngày Song Thất hoặc 26/10, anh đều có đánh điện chúc mừng TT Diệm và nguyện trung thành phục vụ tổ quốc . Khi nghe tin TT Diệm bị giết qua đài phát thanh, anh rất thắc mắc và sau khi được Trung ương xác nhận, anh đã tỏ ra chán nản tột độ . Dù vậy, anh vẫn thi hành mọi công tác giao phó một cách chu đáo . Những chuyến tàu cập bến Hải Phòng, nhất là các tàu chở vũ khí hay quân dụng, đã được anh theo dõi và báo cáo khá chi tiết . Ngoài nhiệm vụ trên, anh còn báo cáo kết quả oanh tạc của một số mục tiêu khác nhau như cầu Hàm Rồng và nhà máy điện Uông Bí ở quanh vùng Hải Phòng . &lt;br /&gt;Để giúp anh thi hành nhiệm vụ trong thời gian anh bị bị bịnh sốt rét, Trung ương đã chấp thuận đề nghị của anh, tuyển mộ thêm người em ruột và một hai người khác trong họ hàng, để phụ anh thực hiện quan sát các mục tiêu ở xa. Trong những năm 1966, 1967 và 1968, bệnh sốt rét của anh trở nên trầm trọng, nhưng Trung ương không tiếp tế cho anh được vì địa điểm nhận tiếp tế của anh nằm trong Vịnh Hạ Long đã bị lộ . Thêm vào đó, vùng biển Hải Phòng bị Mỹ gài mìn khiến mọi cố gắng tiếp tế bằng thuyền cho anh đều không thể thực hiện được . &lt;br /&gt;Khoảng giữa năm 1968, do lời yêu cầu của phía VN, Hoa Kỳ đã tìm được kế hoạch tiếp tế cho Ares . Trung ương báo ngay cho anh tọa độ một số bãi thả tiếp tế và yêu cầu toán đến tận nơi nghiên cứu và báo ngay địa điểm ưu tiên được chọn . Sau khi nhận phúc đáp, Trung ương đã hướng dẫn các chi tiết mà toán phải thi hành để có thể nhận tiếp tế đúng như dự liệu . Đến ngày N, giờ G, một đoàn phản lực đã xuất hiện bắn phá một số mục tiêu ở Hải Phòng, cùng lúc đó một phản lực cơ khác đã bắn một thùng “container” đựng hàng tiếp tế xuống thửa ruộng đã ấn định và được Arès đánh dấu bằng 2 cụm khói trắng như đã chỉ thị . Cách tiếp tế này đã được thực tập 2 lần tại trại Long Thành và cả 2 lần đều đem lại kết quả mong muốn . Trong container đựng hàng tiếp tế, ngoài lương thực, thuốc men, áo quần còn có 10 khâu vàng để toán trao đổi thực phẩm hoặc thuốc men mỗi khi cần đến . Ngoài các vật dụng trên, còn có 4 lá thơ, trong đó có một lá thơ thăm hỏi của Trưởng công tác, còn 3 lá thơ khác được dán bì kín . Toán được chỉ thị dán tem vào và tuần tự gởi đến một địa chỉ trung gian tại Thái Lan . Mỗi thơ đều có dấu hiệu riêng mà toán không được biết lý do . &lt;br /&gt;Chỉ trong một thời gian ngắn, 2 thơ có nội dung thường đã đến tay người nhận, thơ còn nguyên si không bị mở, nhưng thơ thứ 3 có “gài” một tài liệu bí mật giả tạo lại không đến tay người nhận . 2 tháng sau, khi dược Trung ương hỏi về lá thơ này thì toán cho biết, trên đường di tới bưu điện, bị còi báo động, đương sự phải chạy tìm hầm trú ẩn, không may đánh rơi lá thơ xuống vũng bùn nên đương sự đã không gửi . Lý do này đã khiến bạn đồng minh Hoa Kỳ nghi ngờ lòng trung thành của Ares &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Nhiệm vụ mới &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Đến năm 1968, sau đợt tấn công của địch vào dịp Tết Mậu Thân, Nha Kỹ Thuật phải lãnh nhận thêm rất nhiều công tác ngoại biên với những toán mới được thành lập : &lt;br /&gt;- Các toán STRATA là những toán quân nhân được huấn luyện thuần thục để thi hành những công tác đột kích hay phá hoại các căn cứ địch nằm trên lãnh thổ Bắc Việt . &lt;br /&gt;- Các toán PICK-HILL là những toán người Miên gốc Việt hoạt động trong lãnh thổ Cam-bốt, có nhiệm vụ quan sát và phá hoại các căn cứ địa của VC nằm trên lãnh thổ nước láng giềng Cam-bốt . &lt;br /&gt;- Các toán EARTH-ANGEL, còn được gọi là Đề Thám, là những toán được thành lập với thành phần tù binh bộ đội Bắc Việt hồi chánh. Các toán này hoạt động rất đắc lực, được trang bị như bộ đội chánh quy miền Bắc. Nhờ đó họ len lỏi vào vùng địch khá dễ dàng và đã nhiều phen lập được nhiều thành tích đáng kể. Một số toán viên sau dó đã gia nhập Quân đội VNCH . &lt;br /&gt;- Các toán SINGLETON hoạt động riêng biệt từng cá nhân. Họ là những Việt kiều từng sống nhiều năm tại Cam-bốt, được móc nối trở lại hoạt dộng nằm vùng tại Mimote, Krek, Sihanoukville, Kratié, Ba Thu, v.v ... Đây là những nơi địch đặt căn cứ quân sự và hoạt động rất mạnh. Các nhân viên này có nhiệm vụ theo dõi, báo cáo hoạt động địch và hướng dẫn phi cơ oanh tạc lúc cần thiết . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Ngoài các toán hoạt động như trên, còn có chương trình công tác lừa địch và ly gián địch, được gọi là chương trình Borden, mà toán viên là những tù binh bộ đội Bắc Việt cứng đầụ Họ được học nhảy dù vài hôm trước khi được trang bị như một toán viên rất trung thành của miền Nam : một bản đồ, lệnh hành quân, thơ giới thiệu, v.v ... Các thứ này được dấu kín trong áo nhảy và chỉ được trao cho toán viên tù binh cứng đầu mặc vào trước khi được thả dù xuống vùng địch chiếm đóng . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Các chương trình mới này đã đem lại những kết quả hết sức khích lệ, nên phía Hoa Kỳ đã yêu cầu phía VN chấm dứt liên lạc với 5 toán còn lại ở miền Bắc, bằng cách ra lệnh cho các toán ấy tìm cách xâm nhập qua Lào, trinh diện với bộ đội Vang Pao hoặc rút về miền Nam ... Tuy nhiên, nhiều tháng sau khi lệnh được ban hành, không một toán nào xuất hiện . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Hướng về những người anh em kiêu hùng &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Các Biệt Kích Dù bị CS bắt đã phải chịu đủ thứ cực hình . Tuy vậy, họ vẫn giữ vững tinh thần quốc gia và đồng đội . Thái độ cương quyết của họ đã phải làm các cán bộ CS khâm phục và gọi họ là những người “không cải tạo được” . Mãi đến một thời gian lâu sau khi VNCH bị chiếm đóng, CS mới tuần tự tạm trả tự do cho các tù nhân Biệt Kích . Người được trả sớm nhất đã phải ở tù suốt 15 năm và người lâu nhất trên 20 năm . Khi họ trở về, chúng ta đã biết thêm được nhiều chuyện đã xảy ra khi họ công tác tại Bắc Việt . Tuy nhiên, vẫn còn một số toán bặt tin, trong đó có toán VOI do anh Trần Hiếu Hòa làm trưởng toán cùng với 4 toán viên . Toán Ares mà tôi đã đề cập ở trên và một vài toán khác nữa, cũng đang nằm trong danh sách những toán mất tích này . Phải chăng họ đã bị thủ tiêu hay đã hy sinh trên đường thi hành nhiệm vụ . &lt;br /&gt;“Hy sinh trong bóng tối, tất cả vì Tổ quốc”, đó là phương châm hành động mà mọi Biệt Kích đã chấp nhận khi gia nhập vào binh chủng này . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Tôi còn nhớ năm 1970, các sĩ quan trong Bộ chỉ huy Nha Kỹ Thuật đã được xem một cuốn phim mà một đơn vị VNCH vừa tịch thu được của bô đội Bắc Việt khi tấn công vào một căn cứ địch ở Mimot, Cam-bốt . Cuốn phim ghi lại phiên tòa xét xử một toán Biệt Kích mang tên toán Jackson, hoạt dộng tại vùng Nghệ Tĩnh . Bản cáo trạng rất dài, luận tội rất nặng “nào là tay sai đế quốc Mỹ, tay sai Ngô Đình Diệm, nào là xúi dục nhân dân lật đổ chính quyền và phá hoại tài sản nhân dân, v.v ... &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Toán Jackson đã bị bắt toàn bộ với tất cả vũ khí và chất nổ khi toán phá chiếc cầu thứ 2 tại Cửa Lò . Hầu hết toán viên đã lãnh án tử hình, chỉ 1-2 người lãnh án chung thân . Điều làm anh em chúng tôi xúc động và hãnh diện, là được chứng kiến thái độ hiên ngang và bình tĩnh của các toán viên khi bản án tử hình được tuyên đọc . Theo lời một nhân chứng quê ở Thọ Ninh, bà con với một toán viên cho biết, 6 người lãnh bản án tử hình đã bị bắn ngay sau đó, và lời nói cuối cùng của họ là: Việt Nam Cộng Hòa muôn năm! Tổng Thống Ngô Đình Diệm muôn năm! &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Anh em chúng tôi là những người đã đi qua nhiều trại cải tạo ở miền Bắc và đã được nghe nói rất nhiều về những việc làm đáng phục của anh em Biệt Kích . Trong số đó có các vị linh mục, đại đức tuyên úy, các bạn bè của tôi đã sống chung trại với các anh ấy . Ngoài ra, các tù hình sự miền Băc mà đa số chúng tôi thường gọi họ bằng danh từ “bọn hình sự”, vì phần đông họ thuộc thành phần bất hão, trộm cướp, đâm chém, giết người... khi được hỏi về anh em Biệt Kích thì họ tỏ vẻ rất khâm phục . Họ nói với tôi “Các anh Bê Ka là những người rất hào hùng, cán bộ trại cũng phải nể, các anh ấy rất kỹ luật và đoàn kết với nhau, họ thương nhau và giúp đỡ nhau . Khi một người bị biệt giam được thả hay bị ốm, là các anh khác tìm cách giúp đỡ . Dù ai cũng đói, nhưng họ nhịn bớt phần ăn để bồi dưỡng cho anh em bị bệnh hay bị ốm . Đã có những anh Bê Ka cướp súng bắn cán bộ rồi chạy thoát, có nơi các anh toàn bộ đứng lên làm reo tuyệt thực không đi lao động, nhưng cán bộ trại cũng đành phải làm ngơ...” &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Riêng cá nhân tôi, trong 13 năm cải tạo, đã không may mắn gặp lại các anh em Biệt Kích, nhưng tôi không bao giờ quên những con người hào hùng cùng chung lý tưởng đã cùng chung sống với nhau trong tình huynh đệ chân thành . Tôi là người đã từng sống chung với họ ở trại huấn luyện Long Thành và lúc họ lên đường đi công tác., tôi đã tiễn chân hoặc nhiều khi đã cùng vói họ bay vào vùng mục tiêu xâm nhập, đưa tay vẩy chào họ khi họ rời máy bay ... Những kỷ niệm đó khó quên được . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Những kỷ niệm khó quên &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Tôi nhớ lại năm xưa, có lần trước ngày lên đường công tác, tôi lái xe đưa một nhân viên của tôi đến thăm lần cuối người bạn gái, hay nói đúng hơn, một người yêu, có nhà ở hẽm xứ Bùi Phát, trên đường Trương Minh Giảng, nay đổi tên là Lê Văn Sỹ. Đến nơi, người thanh niên ấy vội vã bước xuống xe như muốn tận dụng những giây phút ngắn ngủi và quý báu còn lại ... Khoảng 10 phút sau, anh trở ra với người bạn gái đi theo tiễn chân, trên tay anh còn mang một gói quà nhỏ mà tôi đoán chắc đó là quà kỷ niệm của người yêụ Họ nhìn nhau, mắt đẫm lệ, và tôi chỉ biết im lặng cảm thông nỗi buồn chan chứa đang xâm chiếm 2 tâm hồn ... Xe chạy được một quãng đường, người thanh niên ấy quay nhìn tôi, vừa nói vừa mở món quà : “Đây, anh xem, quà cô ấy tặng em” . Tôi liếc nhìn, thấy một nắm tóc thề được gói trong một chiếc áo lót . Cả hai chúng tôi đều im lặng trên đường về trại . &lt;br /&gt;Lần khác, một nhân viên của tôi cũng sắp lên đường, anh đến gặp tôi và trao cho tôi một chồng thơ khá dày đã đề bì sẵn và nói : “Anh Dũng, anh biết em là con một, em đi nhưng em đã không dám nói thật với mẹ em . Vì vậy, em nhờ anh mỗi tháng đến thăm mẹ em và trao cho em . em một bức thơ này, nói là em đang đi học ở ngoại quốc gửi về để mẹ em yên tâm” . &lt;br /&gt;Tôi xúc động nhìn người thanh niên ấy với tất cả lòng yêu thương và mến phục . Tôi đã nhận thơ anh giao và hàng tháng, tôi đã đến thăm mẹ em và trao cho bà quả phụ ấy bức thư của con bà ... Nhưng đau đớn thay, lá thơ cuối cùng của anh đã được trao mà “khóa học” của anh vẫn chưa mãn . &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;Hai nhân viên Biệt Kích mà tôi vừa kể trên đây, cả 2 đều trở về từ cõi chết, sau gần 20 năm sống trong lao tù CS, một anh hiện đang sống ở Cali, đó là anh Lâm, em ruột của anh Nguyễn Ngọc Trâm, còn người kia, trước ngày tôi rời Saigon, anh ấy đang vất vã hành nghề thợ mộc ngoài Vũng Tàu . &lt;br /&gt;Hy vọng một ngày không xa, anh Độ cũng như bao nhiêu anh hùng Biệt Kích khác còn ở VN sẽ được đoàn tụ với chúng ta tại quê hương thứ hai này . &lt;br /&gt; Trung Tá Nguyễn Văn Vinh &lt;br /&gt;(Nha Kỹ Thuật, BTTM, QLVNCH) &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-6232978400928266695?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/6232978400928266695/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=6232978400928266695' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/6232978400928266695'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/6232978400928266695'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2008/10/bit-kch-d-ti-bc-vit.html' title='BIỆT KÍCH DÙ TẠI BẮC VIỆT'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-9213666360166123705</id><published>2008-10-20T15:16:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-10-20T15:17:04.212-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Interim Report to Congress</title><content type='html'>&lt;strong&gt;Prepared by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Force Management Policy&lt;br /&gt;Interim Report to Congress&lt;br /&gt;Payments to Certain Persons Captured and Interned by North Vietnam&lt;br /&gt;commonly referred to as the Vietnamese Commandos&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;I. BACKGROUND&lt;br /&gt;Section 657 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (Public Law 104-201) requires the Secretary of Defense to report to Congress regarding the payment of claims by the Department of Defense (DoD) to certain persons captured and interned by North Vietnam. These persons are commonly referred to as the ‘Vietnamese Commandos.’ This provides an initial status report. A final report will be provided when payments have been completed. &lt;br /&gt;Section 657 authorizes payments to a person who was captured and incarcerated by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam as a result of participation in operations conducted under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor. It also authorizes payments to a person who served as a Vietnamese operative pursuant to OPLAN 35, was captured and incarcerated by North Vietnamese forces as a result of OPLAN 35 opera tions in Laos or along the Lao-Vietnamese border, and remained in captivity after 1973. Should the Commando no longer be living, payments are authorized to the surviving spouse, and if none, to the surviving children in equal shares.&lt;br /&gt;Payments are to be in the amount of $40,000. If the claimant demonstrates that the period of confinement was greater than 20 years, the Secretary of Defense may pay an additional $2000 per year up to a maximum of $50,000. $20 million was authorized to be appropriated for payments under this section.&lt;br /&gt;The Secretary of Defense prescribed regulations including procedures for submitting claims. The regulations establish guidelines regarding appropriate documentation for establishing eligibility as determined in consultation with the heads of other agencies of the Government involved in OPLAN 34A, its predecessor or OPLAN 35. By law, claims must be filed within 18 months of the effective date of the regulations and a claimant’s eligibility must be determined within 18 months after receipt of the claim. &lt;br /&gt;All determinations by the Secretary are final and conclusive. The law prescribes that claimants have no right to judicial review, and such review is specifically precluded. The acceptance of payments "shall be=2 0in full satisfaction of all claims by or on behalf of that individual against the United States arising from operations under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35."&lt;br /&gt;With regard to attorney fees, the law specifically states that "notwithstanding any contract, the representative of a person may not receive, for services rendered in conjunction with the claim, … more than 10 percent of a payment made under this section."&lt;br /&gt;II. APPROPRIATIONS&lt;br /&gt;The Defense Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 1997 did not appropriate funds for payments in accordance with Section 657 of the Authorization Act. However, Congress included appropriations for this section in a bill providing supplemental appropriations for conducting operations in Bosnia. This bill was signed into law June 25th, 1997, appropriating $20 million for payment to Vietnamese Commandos.&lt;br /&gt;III. REGULATIONS&lt;br /&gt;On May 15, 1997, the Department approved regulations to establish procedures for receipt of claims and payment to Vietnamese Commandos. On June 25, 1997, the Department published in the Fede ral Register a Privacy Act Notice in accordance with 5 USC 552a, allowing for Privacy Act protection of associated records. On June 30, 1997, the Department published in the Federal Register a System of Records in accordance with OMB Circular A-130, allowing for formal claims receipt.&lt;br /&gt;On July 25, 1997, the regulations were formally published in the Federal Register as 32 CFR Part 270, "Compensation of Certain Former Operatives incarcerated by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam," effective May 15, 1997. These regulations prescribe in detail the membership of the Commission, henceforth called the Vietnamese Commandos Compensation Commission (VCCC), and the functions of the VCCC Support Staff. The regulations prescribe the standards and verification of eligibility of applicants, payment procedures, appeals procedures, and a complete application.&lt;br /&gt;The complete regulations are at Appendix A of this report. Some key points with regard to the regulations are highlighted below:&lt;br /&gt;The regulations are effective May 15, 1997. Hence, in accordance with Public Law 104-201, all claims must be submitted by November 15, 1998 (18 months after establishing associated Department regulations). The Commission has another 18 months to adjudicate claims, until May 1 5, 2000. However, the commission is adjudicating claims much faster than the 18 months allowed and expects its work to be completed by the end of 1999. &lt;br /&gt;On July 1, 1997, the Secretary of the Army established the VCCC Support Staff. The staff consists of a staff director, a contract staff advisor, three military staff analysts, two Vietnamese translators, a staff investigator and an administrative assistant. The staff members have become experts on the Vietnamese Commandos and are capable of processing and investigating 60 to 70 claims per month. The VCCC Support Staff makes recommendations to the Commission, which is responsible for actually adjudicating the eligibility of each claimant. &lt;br /&gt;The standards for verification of eligibility were established so that information presented to the commission indicates whether "the applicant is more likely than not to be eligible for payment." Rather than requiring personal appearances, the regulations call for a notarized application, signed affidavits and various readily available identification documents. Upon learning that notary service was unavailable or available only at great expense for applicants living in Vietnam, the rules were amended prior to final publication waiving the notary requirement "in exceptional circumstances." &lt;br /&gt;While Section 657 of Public Law 104-201 established that claimants have no right to judicial review, the regulations do allow for an appeal process within DoD and establish specific appeal procedures for filing petitions for reconsideration. &lt;br /&gt;Appendix A to 32 CFR Part 270 is a complete Application for Compensation for Vietnamese Commandos. The Support Staff has subsequently developed a bilingual application in both English and Vietnamese. The bilingual application is made available on request, is sent to all applicants applying directly from Vietnam and has been provided to the US Embassy in Vietnam.&lt;br /&gt;IV. SUMMARY OF PROGRESS TO DATE&lt;br /&gt;The VCCC Support Staff began processing claims in September 1997. The Commission reviewed the first 20 claims in November 1997 and made payments on 16 approved claims by the end of November. The Commission approved 20 more claims in December and made payments before the end of the month. The VCCC meets monthly and now adjudicates 60 to 70 claims per month. The following is the status of claims presented to the VCCC as of September 18, 1998: &lt;br /&gt;Number of claims received: 880&lt;br /&gt;Number of claims closed: 586&lt;br /&gt;Approved: 244 &lt;br /&gt;Denied: 342&lt;br /&gt;Average processing time: 93 days&lt;br /&gt;Number of claims received from:&lt;br /&gt;U.S.: 388 &lt;br /&gt;Vietnam: 490 &lt;br /&gt;Australia: 2&lt;br /&gt;Total approved for payment: $9,969,500&lt;br /&gt;Total paid to claimants: $3,024,000&lt;br /&gt;Total held in abeyance: $6,945,500 &lt;br /&gt;Petitions for Reconsideration: 35&lt;br /&gt;Commission denial affirmed: 35&lt;br /&gt;SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ISSUES&lt;br /&gt;Ineligible Claims from Vietnam&lt;br /&gt;Beginning in January 1998, the Commission began receiving a large number of claims from applicants in Vietnam who were clearly not former commandos. These applicants were mostly former Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) soldiers who were misled into believing the United States was making broad-based payments to former Vietnamese soldiers. Broadcasts over BBC radio based on incomplete information were partially responsible for this as well as an apparent "cottage industry" by which local Vietnamese, for a fee, processed applications, whether or not the applicant had any potential for qualifying. The VCCC and Support Staff have subsequently sent clarifying information in English and Vietnamese to the US Embassy in Vietnam, arranged for multiple broadcasts on Voice of America outlining qualifying criteria, and promptly provided specific disqualifying information in Vietnamese to all applicants whose claims were denied. No netheless, the Commission is now adjudicating approximately two claim denials for every claim approved. &lt;br /&gt;Attorney Fees&lt;br /&gt;Section 657 specifically limits attorney fees to 10% of payments made. In early 1998, the Department received a number of inquiries with regard to attorney fees. A complaint was filed with the DoD Inspector General (IG) regarding an attorney who was charging his clients fees in excess of 10%. On March 12, 1998, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Force Management Policy directed that payments be held in abeyance pending resolution of this question of attorneys charging claimants excessive fees in violation of law. Efforts to resolve the issue directly with the attorney involved have not been successful. On July 17, 1998, the issue was referred by the Department of Justice to the United States Court of Federal Claims for resolution.&lt;br /&gt;Section 658 of the FY1999 Defense Authorization Bill provides that "notwithstanding any prior agreement (including a power of attorney) to the contrary, the actual disbursement" of a payment under this section may be made only to the person who is eligible for payment. Passage of this amendment in the Authorization Bill would provide the Department a possible alternative to waiting for complet ion of the judicial process before being able to resume payments.&lt;br /&gt;Disputed Claims&lt;br /&gt;When the Department published its regulations in May 1997, one attorney represented the vast majority of the commandos. A few other attorneys have since represented a handful of additional claimants. However, one attorney has presented the VCCC Support Staff with over 80 powers of attorney switching claimants to himself from the original attorney. Some of these claimants’ applications had already been investigated, adjudicated and approved for payment. The original attorney has asked the Department in writing to defer action on these applications until such time as the validity of representation can be adjudicated in court. Section 658 of the FY1999 Defense Authorization Bill provides a possible alternative to waiting for completion of the judicial process before being able to resume payments.&lt;br /&gt;Lawsuits&lt;br /&gt;Section 657 states that payments "under this section shall be in full satisfaction of all claims by or on behalf of that individual against the United States arising from oper ations under OPLAN 34A or its predecessor or OPLAN 35." &lt;br /&gt;Nonetheless, the original lawsuit (April 1995) against the United States Government on behalf of the commandos remains open in the United States Court of Federal Claims.&lt;br /&gt;In April 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed suit against a second attorney in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. This suit charges the second attorney with interference with preexisting contractual client relationships. The attorney filing the lawsuit asked the Department to defer payment on disputed applications until such time as the validity of representation can be adjudicated in court. The VCCC Support Staff has received three subpoenas in conjunction with this suit. &lt;br /&gt;In June 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court, District of Massachusetts seeking Veterans benefits for the commandos similar to those granted to members of the Armed Forces of the United States.&lt;br /&gt;In August 1998, the attorney representing commandos in the original 1995 lawsuit filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court, Southern District of Florida, naming the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Force Management Policy, the Chairman of the VCCC and the United States as defendants. This lawsuit involves the attorney fee issue referred in July 1998 by the Department of Justice to the United States Court of Federal Claims for resolution&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-9213666360166123705?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/9213666360166123705/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=9213666360166123705' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/9213666360166123705'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/9213666360166123705'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2008/10/interim-report-to-congress.html' title='Interim Report to Congress'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-3977567516764621032</id><published>2008-08-12T12:54:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-12T14:26:49.181-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Thiếu Úy Nguyễn Cao Sơn Strata Toán 112</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHshvQ6-mI/AAAAAAAAC0g/OInijUCtk_Y/s1600-h/12.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHshvQ6-mI/AAAAAAAAC0g/OInijUCtk_Y/s400/12.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5233724306348505698" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHselcHhwI/AAAAAAAAC0Y/AYDq4UfiNkI/s1600-h/10.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHselcHhwI/AAAAAAAAC0Y/AYDq4UfiNkI/s400/10.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5233724252171503362" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHsY-yUN2I/AAAAAAAAC0Q/diTMVOyjY68/s1600-h/9.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHsY-yUN2I/AAAAAAAAC0Q/diTMVOyjY68/s400/9.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5233724155896280930" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHsVhrSnAI/AAAAAAAAC0I/izWw2Ls3uAE/s1600-h/8.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; 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margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHrwdSDq7I/AAAAAAAACzY/2yQX5TP_psw/s400/2.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5233723459707841458" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHrsgGw0KI/AAAAAAAACzQ/M0mlNj4dJJY/s1600-h/1.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHrsgGw0KI/AAAAAAAACzQ/M0mlNj4dJJY/s400/1.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5233723391746298018" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-3977567516764621032?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/3977567516764621032/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=3977567516764621032' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/3977567516764621032'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/3977567516764621032'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2008/08/thieu-uy-nguyen-cao-son-srata-toan-112_12.html' title='Thiếu Úy Nguyễn Cao Sơn Strata Toán 112'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKHshvQ6-mI/AAAAAAAAC0g/OInijUCtk_Y/s72-c/12.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-1082466035593372491</id><published>2008-03-26T22:59:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-12T14:27:50.150-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Anh Linh Tữ Sỉ Biệt Kích Nha Kỹ Thuật</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s1600-h/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; 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cursor:hand;" src="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s31pkcxfI/AAAAAAAABn0/YYF9S-Oey8M/s400/File1157MapOfNhaTu.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182297191051216370" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/654977143959108330-1082466035593372491?l=bietkichsobac.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/feeds/1082466035593372491/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=654977143959108330&amp;postID=1082466035593372491' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/1082466035593372491'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/654977143959108330/posts/default/1082466035593372491'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bietkichsobac.blogspot.com/2008/03/anh-linh-tu-si-so-bac-nha-ky-thuat.html' title='Anh Linh Tữ Sỉ Biệt Kích Nha Kỹ Thuật'/><author><name>Nha Kỹ Thuật</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/00058869536112748808</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='26' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/SKrYhjfyioI/AAAAAAAAC0w/Z-Pv_vtrYCM/S220/phamhoasize07.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://bp1.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s5CJkcxnI/AAAAAAAABo0/eBvb14a_Ad8/s72-c/File1146pictureGDBKNBsize4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-654977143959108330.post-5188580084790969372</id><published>2008-03-26T22:51:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-03-26T22:57:36.171-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Biet Kich Xam Nhap</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://bp3.blogger.com/_aH1bx2ubVuk/R-s3JpkcxeI/AAAAAAAABns/kSb54EXPZ14/s1600-h/File1158MapXamNhapsize10.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; 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